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    • Spatial disorientation

      • It wasn’t a supernatural force or conspiracy that caused John F. Kennedy Jr. to crash his plane—it was a common phenomenon called spatial disorientation, which has affected pilots for over a century.
      www.popularmechanics.com/flight/a60949470/john-f-kennedy-jr-plane-crash-spatial-disorientation/
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  2. Jul 10, 2024 · Spatial disorientation caused John F. Kennedy Jr.’s tragic plane crash in July 1999. Here’s how today’s pilots can manage this common phenomenon.

    • Michael Natale
    • News Editor
    • michael.natale@hearst.com
    • Get-there-itis. Pilots talk about this common syndrome and some even joke about it. We think it will never happen to us, but it does. We could never be that headstrong, we reason, but we all have felt the urge to get there or, maybe even worse, to get home.
    • Stress. Kennedy’s level of stress was probably high when he climbed into the cockpit. Consider what he was facing prior to his flight
    • New aircraft. Kennedy had recently upgraded from a Cessna 182 Skylane to a Piper Saratoga, a faster, more complex airplane. He had flown about 36 hours in his new airplane and it’s possible he did not yet feel fully comfortable and confident.
    • Solo time. Kennedy had about 350 hours of total time and only about 100 hours of that was solo. Most of that was in his Skylane. Of his 36 hours in the Saratoga, fewer than half were solo and fewer than 10 hours were at night.
  3. Jul 17, 2024 · In the end, the National Transportation Safety Board found that JFK Jr. had become disoriented during his final approach to Martha's Vineyard after leaving the mainland...

    • Heather Mccarron
    • Cape Cod Times Reporter
  4. The official investigation by the National Transportation Safety Board (NTSB) concluded that Kennedy fell victim to spatial disorientation while descending over water at night and consequently lost control of his plane. Kennedy did not hold an instrument rating and therefore was only certified to fly under visual flight rules (VFR).

  5. Jul 12, 2024 · The death of JFK Jr. was a major news story, not only because the 38-year-old was the son of former president John F. Kennedy, but because of the uniquely public history of unexpected deaths...

    • Becky Little
  6. Jun 30, 2021 · JFK Jr made 4 piloting mistakes on a hazy night in July 1999. Without an instrument rating he and passengers were almost doomed from the start.

  7. Flight experiments support the conclusion that John Kennedy Jr. became spatially disoriented in the absence of a visible horizon in conditions of poor visibility. The overwhelming probability is that he wound up in what is known by pilots as a "graveyard spiral."

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