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- Stalking is a serious crime and can cause significant emotional and psychological harm to the victim. Stalking behaviour must be taken seriously and those who are victims of it must seek help. It can happen to anyone. Former partners, friends or acquaintances, work colleagues and strangers can all be stalkers.
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Why Do People Stalk and How Can We Stop It? Stalking is a terrifying and often misunderstood crime, capable of leaving victims feeling isolated, vulnerable, and in constant fear. Understanding the psychology behind stalking can help us not only support victims but also work toward prevention.
Jul 8, 2021 · Stalking is the persistent and unwanted pursuit of another person, including following them, making harassing phone calls, leaving unwanted messages, or vandalizing their property. It has been...
In the Crime Survey for England and Wales, we define stalking as two or more incidents causing distress, fear, or alarm, including: receiving obscene or threatening unwanted letters, emails, text...
- Introduction
- CPS Violence Against Women and Girls Strategy
- Evidential Considerations
- Extra-Territorial Jurisdiction
- Public Interest Considerations
- Selecting The Most Appropriate Charge Or Charges
- Drafting The Charge/Indictment
- Support For Victims
- Acceptability of Pleas
- Bail and Keeping A Victim Informed
This prosecution guidance assists prosecutors with the general principles to be applied when making decisions about prosecutions involving stalking or harassment. It provides guidance on: 1. the importance of focusing on whether conduct experienced by the victim in its entirety amounts to stalking or harassment, whether the police have investigated...
The Violence Against Women and Girls (VAWG) Strategyprovides an overarching framework for crimes identified as being primarily, but not exclusively, committed, by men against women within a context of power and control. Stalking or harassment should be addressed within the overall framework of VAWG and human rights. The patterns and dynamics involv...
The four key offences concerning stalking and harassment are contained in the PHA 1997: 1. the summary-only offences of stalking (section 2A) and harassment (section 2), which carry the maximum general sentence a magistrates’ court can impose. As summary offences, an information must be laid within 6 months of the commission of the offence. The 6 m...
The common law provides that there is jurisdiction to try these offences where a substantial measure of the activities constituting a crime takes place within England and Wales, save where it can seriously be argued on a reasonable view that these activities should, on the basis of international comity, be dealt with by another country. This means ...
The Code for Crown Prosecutorssets out the framework for considering whether a prosecution is required in the public interest. It has never been the rule that a prosecution will automatically take place once the evidential stage is met. A prosecution will usually take place unless the prosecutor is satisfied that there are public interest factors t...
Prosecutors should note that the below paragraphs are duplicated in the Controlling or Coercive Behaviour prosecution guidance and should be applied when considering CCB, stalking or harassment charges. For further information on CCB please refer to the Controlling or Coercive Behaviourprosecution guidance. It is for the prosecutor to consider all ...
Behaviour that constitutes the course of conduct amounting to harassment must be properly particularised in the information laid or in the indictment: Crawford v Crown Prosecution Service [2008] EWHC 148 (Admin). This means that each incident alleged to form part of the course of conduct should be identified in charges or the indictment or at an ea...
From the outset of a case, prosecutors should have regard to support for the victim when advising the police. They may: 1. establish whether the victim’s needs have been, or can be, assessed by specialist domestic abuse services, Independent Domestic Violence Advisors, Independent Stalking Advocacy Caseworker (ISAC) (or equivalent) 2. identify what...
Prosecutors should refer to the Attorney General’s Guidelines on the Acceptance of Pleas and the Prosecutor’s Role in the Sentencing Exercise and paragraph 9 of the Code for Crown Prosecutorswhen determining acceptability of pleas. In some cases, the defendant may offer a guilty plea to a different charge or plead guilty to some of the charges made...
Every effort should be made to ensure that views of victims in cases of stalking or harassment are available prior to making bail decisions. Where the initial police investigation is complete, there may be circumstances in which a charge, caution or prosecution is not possible. For example, there may not be sufficient evidence of a course of conduc...
Jun 6, 2023 · It’s often driven by a desire to exert control over the victim and to make them feel afraid or vulnerable. No matter the kind of stalking, it has a huge impact on the victim and can lead to psychological distress including anxiety and depression and even post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).
Jun 3, 2024 · Stalking behavior encompasses a range of actions that may vary in intensity and frequency but share the common element of causing fear, distress, or significant disruption to the victim’s life. These actions can include:
Stalking is a consistent and intentional pattern of behavior as opposed to one or two isolated incidents. It persists after the individual has asked the stalker to stop contacting them.
