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The history of German written lute music started with Arnolt Schlick (c. 1460–after 1521), who, in 1513, published a collection of pieces that included 14 voice and lute songs, and three solo lute pieces, alongside organ works.
Oct 3, 2024 · In Europe, lute refers to a plucked stringed musical instrument popular in the 16th and 17th centuries. The lute that was prominent in European popular art and music of the Renaissance and Baroque periods originated as the Arab ʿūd.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The short wood-topped lute moved east to China (as the pipa), south to India (as the vina), and west to the Middle East, Africa and Europe as the barbat and oud. From these two, and from skin topped lutes known today as rubabs and plucked fiddles, instruments developed in Europe.
- From The Oud to The Medieval Lute
- The Renaissance Lute
- Lute Tablature
- The Sound of The Lute
- The Development of Renaissance Lutes
- The French Baroque Lute
- The German Baroque Lute
- Bibliography
The medieval European lute is directly descended from the gut-strung Arabian oud. Indeed, the name lute is derived from the Arabic, al ‘ud, meaning the wood. The first evidence of an oud being played in Europe is from the 9th century, with the arrival of Ziryāb from Baghdad, a musician in the service of the Caliph of Córdoba, Spain. Evidence for th...
The renaissance began in Italy in the 14th century and spread across Europe in the 15th century. During the 15thcentury, three changes happened to the lute: it increased the number of courses, changed its tuning, and began to be played with fingertips rather than plectrums, creating what we now term the renaissance lute. In 1410–15, the lute gained...
Lute music was written in a new style of notation created in c. 1460: stringed instrument tablature. This is a system indicating which course to play, which fret to play and what rhythm to play, and by this means it is far more specific and instructive for the instrument than the treble or bass clef staff notation most common today. Lute music was ...
Part of the renaissance lute’s great appeal is its sound. This is partially achieved by its very light construction; and partially by its style of playing, known as thumb inside or thumb under. The hand is roughly parallel to the strings, not at a right angle, like the modern guitar. The effect is to give a round, mellow sound, as at this angle it ...
Over time, the number of courses (a course is a string or strings played as one, separated spatially from the adjacent course, grouped at the same pitch or an octave apart) and the overall range of the instrument increased. The medieval 4 course lute gained a 5th course seen in art in the 1420s, then a 6th course is seen by 1475 (though, as we obse...
During the renaissance and until around 1620, the 6 main melody courses of the lute consistently had a standard tuning, known as viel ton, relatively speaking the same as a modern guitar but with the third course a semitone down. The pitch of a whole instrument depends on its size, from the large bass lute to the small treble lute. The ‘standard’ o...
By the close of the 17th century, the chief focus of lute composition had moved again, now to Germany and Austria, where lutenists were developing a more melodic style which continued to flourish in Germany long after the ‘French lute’ had ceased to be popular in France. German luthiers developed a Germanic version of the French lute and Sylvius Le...
Dowland, John (1610) Other necessary Observations belonging to the lute. In: Robert Dowland, Varietie of Lute Lessons. Lithographic facsimile published in 1958 by Schott and Co., London. Eastwell, Martin (2012) 21st Century Lute Technique: A Compromise Too Far? Lute News, Number 101 (March 2012), pp. 16-21. Lewon, Marc (2017) Transformational Pract...
In England, the early music pioneer Arnold Dolmetsch started to make and play lutes, while in Germany lutes (lute-guitar hybrids, really) were widely played by the Wandervogel hiking clubs, attracted by the instrument's associations with pre-industrial, pre-bourgeois past.
The lute saw a resurgence in popularity with the early music movement of the late twentieth century. Today, lute players and makers approach the lute and its music from an academic standpoint, and lute making is a cottage industry throughout the world.
Apr 18, 2024 · The Lute played a significant role in Renaissance music and has been celebrated by famous lute composers. Its origins can be traced back to ancient times, and it has evolved over the centuries into the instrument we know today.
