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- The aim of the agreement was to formalize the corporate structure of TPC and bind all partners to a "self-denial clause" that prohibited any of its shareholders from independently seeking oil interests in the ex- Ottoman territory. It marked the creation of an oil monopoly, or cartel, of immense influence, spanning a vast territory.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_Line_Agreement
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What was the Red Line & why was it important?
What was the Red Line Agreement?
Why was the red line drawn on a map?
How did the 'All Red Line' work?
The 1928 Group Agreement (better known as the “Red Line” Agreement) was a deal struck between several American, British, and French oil companies concerning the oil resources within territories that formerly comprised the Ottoman Empire within the Middle East.
The Red Line Agreement was signed following the discovery of an immense oil field Baba Gurgur in Iraq and TPC gained a concession for Iraq. Under the terms of the agreement, each of the four parties received a 23.75% share of all the crude oil produced by TPC.
The 1928 Group Agreement (better known as the “Red Line” Agreement) was a deal struck between several American, British, and French oil companies concerning the oil resources within territories that formerly comprised the Ottoman Empire within the Middle East.
- History of Housing Discrimination
- The Federal Government Begins Redlining
- The End of Redlining
- Continued Impact of Redlining
- Sources
Fifty years after the abolition of enslavement, local governments continued to legally enforce housing segregation through exclusionary zoning laws, city ordinances which prohibited the sale of property to Black people. In 1917 when the Supreme Court ruled these zoning laws unconstitutional, homeowners swiftly replaced them with racially restrictiv...
The federal government was not involved in housing until 1934 when the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) was created as part of the New Deal. The FHA sought to restore the housing market after the Great Depression by incentivizing homeownership and introducing the mortgage lending system we still use today. Instead of creating policies to make h...
The Fair Housing Act of 1968, which explicitly prohibited racial discrimination, put an end to legally sanctioned redlining policies like those used by the FHA. However, like racially restrictive covenants, redlining policies were difficult to stamp out and have continued even in recent years. A 2008 paper about predatory lending, for example, foun...
The impact of redlining goes beyond the individual families who were denied loans based on the racial composition of their neighborhoods. Many neighborhoods that were labeled “Yellow” or “Red” by the HOLC back in the 1930s are still underdeveloped and underserved compared to nearby “Green” and “Blue” neighborhoods with largely White populations. Bl...
Coates, Ta-Nehisi. “The Case for Reparations.” The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 17 Aug. 2017.“1934: Federal Housing Administration Created.” Fair Housing Center of Greater Boston.“The Legacy of Redlining in Rust Belt Cities.” Belt Magazine."Redlining (1937- )" The Black Past.- Beatrix Lockwood
The battle is best known for the disastrous Charge of the Light Brigade, but also for the incident which became known as 'The Thin Red Line', when a single Scottish Highland regiment, the 93rd Highlanders, drawn up in a long line, remarkably halted a Russian cavalry charge.
Aug 19, 2014 · In 1902 the “All Red Line” route was completed with the final stages of constuction of the trans-Pacific route and connected all parts of the British empire. This telegraph network consisted of a series of cable links across the Pacific Ocean, connecting New Zealand and Australia with Vancouver and through the Trans-Canada and Atlantic ...
The Thin Red Line has become an English language figure of speech for any thinly spread military unit holding firm against attack. The phrase has also taken on the metaphorical meaning of the barrier which the relatively limited armed forces of a country present to potential attackers.
