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Port and trading centre
- In the Middle Ages Cardiff was a port and trading centre, with a population of about 1,500 making it a significant and sizeable community. In 1404 Owain Glyndwr burned the town and castle during his rebellion against the English crown but the wooden houses were soon replaced and in 1542 Cardiff was created a free borough.
www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/waleshistory/2011/10/cardiff_city_status_1905.html
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May 4, 2007 · Travelling around Cardiff, capital city of Wales, it is easy to forget that this modern city's origins were laid many centuries ago. The heart of the city was formed during the medieval period and many traces from this time survive today, especially close to the castle.
- The Roman Fort at Cardiff
- Cardiff in The Middle Ages
- Cardiff in The 16th Century
- Cardiff in The 17th Century
- Cardiff in The 18th Century
- Cardiff in The 19th Century
- Cardiff in The 20th Century
- Cardiff in The 21st Century
Cardiff began as a Roman fort. The Romans invaded Wales about 50 AD and about 55 AD they built a fort on the site of Cardiff. In the late 1st century the fort was reduced in size as Wales was now at peace. However, in the mid-3rd century, the fort was rebuilt and strengthened to defend South Wales against Irish raiders. Yet in the fourth century Ro...
The town of Cardiff was founded when the Normans conquered Glamorgan. A Norman called Robert Fitz Hamon conquered the area. He built a wooden castle within the walls of the old Roman fort. (The castle was rebuilt in stone in the early 12th century). Soon a little town grew up in the shadow of the castle. That often happened in the Middle Ages as th...
In the 16th century, Cardiff remained a small and quiet town. In 1538 Henry VIII closed the two friaries. They were cannibalized for building materials. A writer described Tudor Cardiff: ‘The river Taff runs near the town walls in the west part of the town and washes the walls but somewhat too hard for part of it is thereby overturned (undermined) ...
In the 16th and 17th centuries, most of the foreign trade of Cardiff was with France and the Channel Islands. Coal and some iron were exported. Salt and wine were imported. There was also a thriving coastal trade. (In those days it was difficult and expensive to move goods by land so merchandise was often transported along the coast from one part o...
In the 18th century, Cardiff remained a small town, no larger than it had been in the Middle Ages. In 1762 Water Bailiffs were appointed. They charged tolls for the upkeep of the town quay. There were also 3 private wharves in Cardiff. In 1774 an Act of Parliament created a body of men called the Improvement Commissioners who were responsible for p...
In this century Cardiff grew at a phenomenal pace. In 1801 the population was less than 1,900. By 1851 it was over 18,000. By 1871 it was almost 60,000. By 1900 the population was over 160,000. Exports of coal and iron from Cardiff boomed in the 19th century. The export of grain also flourished. In 1839 Lord Bute built a dock, which became known as...
Amenities in Cardiff continued to improve during the 20th century. From 1902 electric trams ran in the streets. (They stopped running in 1950). Duke St Arcade opened in 1902. In 1901 Splott Park opened. Then in 1905, Cardiff was made a city. A new City Hall was opened in 1906 and Queen Alexandra Dock was built in 1907. The National Museum of Wales ...
At the beginning of the 21st century, Cardiff is a flourishing city. The Cardiff Millennium Centre opened in 2004 and The Cardiff Story opened in 2011. In 2022 the population of Cardiff was 373,000. Last revised 2024
By the end of the 13th century, Cardiff was the only town in Wales with a population exceeding 2,000, but it was relatively small compared to most other notable towns in the Kingdom of England. [30] Cardiff had an established port in the Middle Ages and by 1327, it was declared a Staple port. [21]
Jul 24, 2009 · The heart of the city was formed during the medieval period and many traces from this time survive today, especially close to the castle. Cardiff lies at the centre of three river systems, the Taff, the Ely and the Rhymney.
In the areas where English lords had taken power they built towns one of which was Cardiff. These towns were small by today’s comparison having around two to three hundred inhabitants, while The Normans also built monasteries around this time. In 1255 another Welshman claimed himself king.
Local History in the Middle Ages. The Normans arrived in Wales shortly after the Battle of Hastings. They wasted little time in taking control of Cardiff. Work began on a castle here in 1091, probably on the ruins of the old Roman fort.
History. The medieval castle in Cardiff was erected on the site of a Roman fort from the first century BC who guarded the then border, during the conquest of the Celtic tribe of the Silures.
