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In linguistics, word order (also known as linear order) is the order of the syntactic constituents of a language. Word order typology studies it from a cross-linguistic perspective, and examines how languages employ different orders.
This article explains how basic word order is determined in linguistic typology. The concept of basic word order is irrelevant to flexible-word-order languages. Hawkins highlights the importance and role of exceptionless universals in constructing a theory of basic word order.
Typologically, it is common to describe languages in terms of the relative order of the subject (S), the object (O), and the verb (V). This gives rise to six logically possible types. Of these SOV and SVO are the most common, VSO is somewhat common—VOS, OVS, and OSV are much more rare.
This comprehensive survey provides an up-to-date, critical overview of this widely debated topic, exploring and evaluating word-order research carried out in four major theoretical frameworks – Linguistic Typology, Generative Grammar, Optimality Theory and processing-based the-ories.
Word order typology refers to the systematic study of the different ways that languages organize the arrangement of words in sentences. This typological classification typically focuses on the positions of the subject, verb, and object within a sentence and identifies common patterns across languages, which can influence syntactic structure and ...
The Basic Word Order ypTology. One of typology's most celebrated themes, popularized by Greenberg (1963) in a study comprising 30 languages. Since then, basic-word-order statistics from ever wider arrays of languages have been presented. IHawkins 1983: 336 languages.
This study quantitatively examines the first five universals of Greenberg’s basic word order typology based on 74 large-scale annotated corpora from two perspectives.
