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  1. There are even reasons to think a civilization existed over 300 million years ago. We have over 9 books on Ancient Civilizations

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  2. The San People of Southern Africa trace their history directly to ancient peoples who lived around 140,000 to 100,000 years ago. In fact, the San are the direct descendants of one of the original ancestral human groups (haplogroup), making the San the oldest civilization in the world.

    • Nathaniel Whelan
    • The Indigenous Peoples of Australia (circa 50,000 BCE) The indigenous peoples of Australia were the inhabitants of mainland Australia and its islands before the arrival of European colonizers.
    • Jiahu (circa 7000 BCE – 5700 BCE) The Jiahu settlement is located in the central plain of ancient China, an area known today as the Henan Province. The people of this settlement belonged to the country’s oldest recognized civilization.
    • Mesopotamia (circa 3500 BCE – 500 BCE) For a long time, scholars believed that Mesopotamia was the first civilization. Located between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers, its name means “between (meso) rivers (potamos).”
    • The Indus Valley Civilization (circa 3300 BCE – 1900 BCE) Extending from modern day Afghanistan and Pakistan to northwest India, the Indus Valley Civilization covered 1.25 million kilometers, making it the most widespread civilization of the ancient world.
    • Mesopotamian Civilization- Iraq. Period: Around 3500 B.C. – 500 B.C. Original Location: Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq) Current Location: Iraq, parts of Iran, Syria, and Turkey.
    • Ancient Egypt- Northern and Central Africa. Period: Around 3100 B.C. – 332 B.C. Original Location: Northeast Africa. Current Location: Egypt. Major Highlights: Pyramids, hieroglyphs, advanced mathematics, and the Nile River civilization.
    • Indus Valley Civilization- India and Pakistan. Period: Around 3300 B.C. – 1300 B.C. Original Location: Indus Valley (modern-day India and Pakistan) Current Location: India, Pakistan.
    • Chinese Civilization- China. Period: Around 2070 B.C. – Present. Original Location: East Asia. Current Location: China. Major Highlights: Invention of paper, gunpowder, and compass, the Great Wall, Confucianism, and the Terracotta Army.
    • Lesley Kennedy
    • 11 min
    • Mesopotamia, 4000-3500 B.C. Meaning “between two rivers” in Greek, Mesopotamia (located in modern-day Iraq, Kuwait and Syria) is considered the birthplace of civilization.
    • Ancient Egypt, 3100 B.C. The pyramids of Giza, c. 2600 B.C. They are the oldest of the so-called Seven Wonders of the Ancient World. Perhaps the most romanticized of past civilizations, ancient Egypt stood as one of history’s most powerful empires for more than 3,000 years.
    • Ancient India, 3300 B.C. In ancient India, where Hinduism was founded, religion held great importance, Harl says, along with great literary traditions and incredible architecture.
    • Ancient China, 2000 B.C. A Xia-era miniature bronze bell, c. 2100 B.C. The ancient Chinese are credited with inventions including the abacus and the sundial.
    • Minoan Civilisation. Arising around 3,000 BC, the Bronze Age civilisation known as the Minoans was based on the island of Crete as well as the other Aegean Islands.
    • Ancient Egyptians. The civilisation of Ancient Egypt was one of the most powerful of its time and left an enduring legacy whose cultural influence continues to this day.
    • Indus Valley Civilisation. Flourishing in the northern region of the Indian subcontinent, the Indus Valley Civilisation is one of the oldest and most widespread on this list.
    • Caral-Supe Civilisation. Situated in what is now north-central coastal Peru, the Caral-Supe Civilisation is the oldest-known civilisation in the Americas that flourished along three rivers - the Fortaleza, the Pativilca, and the Supe.
  3. Sep 12, 2022 · Around 4000 B.C., the earliest phase of the Sumerian culture arose as the oldest civilization in the Mesopotamia region, in what is now mostly Iraq. The Sumerians are named after the ancient...

  4. Oct 22, 2020 · Here is a quick look at 8 of the oldest known civilizations of all time. It also includes how the inhabitants of those ancient civilizations lived their lives.

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