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Nov 28, 2021 · Entropy is defined as a measure of a system’s disorder or the energy unavailable to do work. Entropy is a key concept in physics and chemistry, with application in other disciplines, including cosmology, biology, and economics. In physics, it is part of thermodynamics. In chemistry, it is part of physical chemistry.
The entropy change of a system excluding its surroundings can be well-defined as a small portion of heat transferred to the system during reversible process divided by the temperature of the system during this heat transfer: = The reversible process is quasistatic (i.e., it occurs without any dissipation, deviating only infinitesimally from the thermodynamic equilibrium), and it may conserve ...
However, because entropy of a system is a function of state, we can imagine a reversible process that starts from the same initial state and ends at the given final state. Then, the entropy change of the system is given by Equation 4.7.4 4.7.4, ΔS = ∫B A dQ/T Δ S = ∫ A B d Q / T. Solution.
Recognizing that the work done in a reversible process at constant pressure is w rev = −PΔV, we can express Equation 19.2.1 as follows: ΔU = qrev + wrev = TΔS − PΔV. Thus the change in the internal energy of the system is related to the change in entropy, the absolute temperature, and the PV work done.
Its entropy increases because heat transfer occurs into it. Entropy is a measure of disorder. Example 14.4.1 14.4. 1: As an example, suppose we mix equal masses of water originally at two different temperatures, say 20.0º C and 40.0º C. The result is water at an intermediate temperature of 30.0º C.
This phenomenon is explained by the second law of thermodynamics, which relies on a concept known as entropy. Entropy is a measure of the disorder of a system. Entropy also describes how much energy is not available to do work. The more disordered a system and higher the entropy, the less of a system's energy is available to do work.
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5 days ago · entropy, the measure of a system’s thermal energy per unit temperature that is unavailable for doing useful work. Because work is obtained from ordered molecular motion, the amount of entropy is also a measure of the molecular disorder, or randomness, of a system. The concept of entropy provides deep insight into the direction of spontaneous ...
