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Livonia [a] or in earlier records Livland, [1] is a historical region on the eastern shores of the Baltic Sea. It is named after the Livonians , who lived on the shores of present-day Latvia . By the end of the 13th century, the name was extended to most of present-day Estonia and Latvia, which the Livonian Brothers of the Sword had conquered during the Livonian Crusade (1193–1290).
Livonia, lands on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea, north of Lithuania; the name was originally applied by Germans in the 12th century to the area inhabited by the Livs, a Finno-Ugric people whose settlements centred on the mouths of the Western Dvina and Gauja rivers, but eventually it was used to refer to nearly all of modern Latvia and ...
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Livonia lĭvōˈnēə [key], region and former Russian province, comprising present Estonia and parts of Latvia (Vidzeme and Latgale). It borders on the Baltic Sea and its arms, the Gulf of Riga and the Gulf of Finland, in the west and the north and extends E to Lake Peipus (Chudskoye) and the Narva. Livonia, also known as Livland, was named ...
Dec 2, 2015 · Livonia is a classic example of the performative power of an act of naming: although geographically, the place had of course existed and been inhabited for ages untold by various peoples who did not lack contact with their neighbours across the sea, it became a region with its own externally defined identity only after the first Christian missionaries and conquerors had given it a name.
This region, given the Livonian name Līvõd Rānda (the Livonian Coast), was designated as a “national protected territory of Livonian culture and history” (valsts īpaši aizsargājamā lībiešu kultūrvēsturiskā teritorija, in Latvian). Later that year on March 19, 1991, the Livonians, along with the Latvians, were identi ...
Jun 19, 1996 · A. Vītols. Rīga: Latvijas Enciklopēdija, 1995. The Livonians are a Finnic nation native to Latvia. Historically, they have inhabited a region of varying extent along the coasts of the Baltic Sea and Gulf of Rīga in Latvia and even deeper into Latvia along the Daugava River. With the passage of time, the region ...
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The remainder of Livonia, the eastern part of Livonia, named Latgallia, remains in Polish hands (Inflantia or the Inflanty Voivodeship, the principality of Livonia), and survives today as the Latgale region of Latvia. Swedish Governors-General of Livonia AD 1629 - 1721
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