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- The pulp and paper industry comprises companies that use wood, specifically pulpwood, as raw material and produce pulp, paper, paperboard, and other cellulose-based products.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulp_and_paper_industry
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Pulp and paper are made from cellulosic fibers and other plant materials. Some synthetic materials may be used to impart special qualities to the finished product. Paper is made from wood fibers, but rags, flax, cotton linters, and bagasse (sugar cane residues) are also used in some papers.
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Pulp and paper industry. International Paper is the world's largest pulp and paper maker. The pulp and paper industry comprises companies that use wood, specifically pulpwood, as raw material and produce pulp, paper, paperboard, and other cellulose-based products.
- 1 Chemical Pulping
- 2 Mechanical Pulping
- 3 Semi-Chemical Pulping
- 4 Secondary Fibre Pulping
- 5 Dissolving Kraft and Sulphite Pulping Processes
- 6 Non-Wood Pulping
Chemical pulping (i.e., kraft, soda, and sulphite) involves “cooking” of raw materials (example, wood chips) using aqueous chemical solutions and elevated temperature and pressure to extract pulp fibres. Chemical pulps are made by cooking the raw materials, using the kraft (sulphate) and sulphite processes (Casey 1983a). Kraft pulping is by far the...
There are three main categories of mechanical pulp: groundwood pulp, refining pulp, and chemi-mechanical pulp. In both the grinding and refining processes, the temperature is increased to soften the lignin. This breaks the bonds between the fibres (Gullichsen 2000; Casey 1983b). Groundwood pulp shows favorable properties with respect to brightness ...
Semi-chemical pulping uses a combination of chemical and mechanical (i.e., grinding) energy to extract pulp fibres. Wood chips first are partially softened in a digester with chemicals, steam, and heat. Once chips are softened, mechanical methods complete the pulping process. The pulp is washed after digestion to remove cooking liquor chemicals and...
Recovered paper has become an increasingly important source of fibre for papermaking (Bajpai 2013). Currently, nearly 50 % of the fibre raw material for papermaking is based on recycled fibre. In the recycling process, recycled paper or paperboard is rewetted and reduced to pulp, principally by mechanical means. Inks, adhesives, and other contamina...
Dissolving kraft and sulphite pulping processes are used to produce highly bleached and purified wood pulp suitable for conversion into products such as rayon, viscose, acetate, and cellophane (EPA 2002).
Worldwide, non-wood sources make up about 6 % of the total fibre supply for papermaking. Non-wood fibres are derived from agricultural fibres such as straw and other plant fibres such as bamboo, bagasse, and annual fibre crops such as kenaf (Ince 2004). In general, non-wood plant fibres are more costly to collect and process than wood fibre in regi...
- Pratima Bajpai
- 2015
- Our pulp and paper process. Paper for recycling is mixed with processed water and then stirred in a giant stainless steel vat, called a pulper, to make a fibre suspension.
- Diluting paper fibres. Our paper machines remove water from the fibre solution. At the start of the papermaking process, the solution comprises of roughly 1% fibre and 99% water.
- Wire section. At the wet end of the paper machine sits the headbox, which distributes a uniform jet of watery stock. The liquid falls onto the wire or forming fabric.
- Press section. The next stage of water removal consists of passing the paper web through a series of nip rollers that squeeze the water out of the pulp mat.
The Pulp and Paper Industry is defined as a sector that utilizes a water-intensive process to produce paper from wood fibers by chemically breaking down wood to form pulp, which is then dried to create paper sheets.
The papermaking process involves several steps. Raw materials such as wood pulp or recycled paper are transformed into pulp through the pulping process. The pulp is then fed into paper machines, where it is formed, pressed, and dried to create sheets of paper.
Aug 7, 2019 · Packaging is growing all over the world, along with tissue papers, and pulp for hygiene products. Although a relatively small market as yet, pulp for textile applications is growing. And a broad search for new applications and uses for wood and its components is taking place in numerous labs and development centers.
