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- Plant cells are the basic unit of life in organisms of the kingdom Plantae. They are eukaryotic cells, which have a true nucleus along with specialized structures called organelles that carry out different functions.
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How are cells structured? Learn about the size and function of plant and animal cells for GCSE Combined Science, AQA.
- Comparing Sizes
GCSE; AQA Trilogy; Cell structure - AQA Comparing sizes....
- Eukaryotes and Prokaryotes
Eukaryotic cell: Prokaryotic cell: Size: Most are 5 μm – 100...
- Plant and Animal Cells
GCSE; AQA Trilogy; Cell structure - AQA Plant and animal...
- Video
Cell structure - AQA Video. Organisms are made up of cells....
- Comparing Sizes
- Cell Wall
- Plastids
- Central Vacuole
- Cell Membrane Or Plasma Membrane
- Endoplasmic Reticulum
- Golgi Apparatus
- Microfilaments Or Actin Filament
- Microtubules
- Intermediate Filaments
- Mitochondria
It is the outermost, protective layer of a plant cell having a thickness of 20-80 nm. Cell walls are made up of carbohydrates such as cellulose, hemicellulose, and pectin and a complex organic polymer called lignin.
They are double membrane-bound organelles that have their own genetic material. Plastidsare mainly of three types: a) Chloroplasts: Found in the green parts of a plantand algae that contain the photosynthetic pigment, chlorophyll. b) Leucoplasts: Found in the non-photosynthetic tissues of plants. c) Chromoplasts: Colored plastics found in fruits an...
It is the large vesicle that make up almost 30 to 80% of the total plant cell volume. The central vacuoleis often the largest organelle in the cell that is filled with fluid, ions, enzymes, and other molecules. Apart from plants, they are also present in algae.
It is a thin, biological membrane having a thickness of 7.5-10 nm that separates the interior of the cell from the outside environment. The plasma membrane is selectively permeable in nature, which is mainly composed of lipids and proteins, with some carbohydrates attached to them.
It is a series of membranes within the cytoplasm that forms connections with the nucleus on one side and cell membrane on the other. It is of two types: rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) and smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER). The surface of RER has ribosomesattached to it, while they are absent in SER.
Also known as Golgi body or Golgi complex, they are stacks of five to eight membrane-covered sacs called cisternae. The Golgi apparatus acts as the post office of the cell by packaging and transporting proteins from their source RER to their destination.The number of Golgi apparatus varies in cells according to their functions.
They are a network of long and thin protein fibers present in the cytoplasm of the cell having a diameter of 3-6 nm. Microfilamentsare composed of actin proteins that make them extremely strong and flexible.
They are fibrous hollow rods composed of proteins called tubulin. Microtubuleshave an outer diameter of 23-27 nm and an inner diameter of about 11-15 nm. They can grow to as long as 50 µm and thus are highly dynamic.
They are made up of two proteins forming a coiled-coil structure. Intermediate filaments have a diameter of 8-10 nm that are intermediate in size to microfilaments and microtubules. Microtubules, together with microfilaments and intermediate filaments, form the cytoskeletonof the cell.
It is a rod-shaped double membrane-bound organelle that contains its own DNA and ribosomes. Mitochondria are often called the ‘powerhouse of the cell‘, producing ATP that drives all cell-based metabolic activities.
Oct 21, 2024 · A plant cell is the basic unit of all plants. Plant cells, like animal cells, are eukaryotic, meaning they have a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles. Their characteristic cell wall is composed of cellulose, and they contain chloroplasts for photosynthesis.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
May 17, 2023 · A plant cell is the basic building block of a plant. Plant cells, like all eukaryotic cells, contain a nucleus and other organelles, each with its distinct functions. However, plant cells also possess unique components that differentiate them from animal, fungal, and bacterial cells.
Jan 15, 2021 · Plant and animal cells are both eukaryotic cells, meaning they possess a defined nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. They share many common features, such as a cell membrane, nucleus, mitochondria, Golgi apparatus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and more.
In eukaryotic cells, the DNA is typically housed in a nucleus (plural = nuclei), the most prominent organelle in a cell (Figure \(\PageIndex{1}\). This organelle directs the synthesis of ribosomes and proteins.
Aug 23, 2023 · Plant cells are eukaryotic cells that vary in several fundamental factors from other eukaryotic organisms. Both plant and animal cells contain a nucleus along with similar organelles. One of the distinctive aspects of a plant cell is the presence of a cell wall outside the cell membrane.
