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Sep 25, 2024 · Subscribe. Mutation, an alteration in the genetic material (the genome) of a cell of a living organism or of a virus that is more or less permanent and that can be transmitted to the cell’s or the virus’s descendants. The genomes of organisms are all composed of DNA, whereas viral genomes can be of DNA or RNA.
- Somatic Mutation
Somatic mutation, genetic alteration acquired by a cell that...
- Point Mutation
point mutation, change within a gene in which one base pair...
- Antigenic Shift
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- Somatic Mutation
- Mutation Definition
- Types of Mutation
- Examples of Mutation
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At the simplest level, a mutationis a change or transformation. In biology, mutations refer to changes in chromosomes and genes, which typically manifest physically. The effect of a mutation can depend on the region in which the sequence of genetic material has been changed. The simplest and the most harmless are substitutions of a single base pair...
Mutations can be classified in various ways depending on the cause of the mutation, its effect on the function of the gene product or the kind of changes to the structure of the gene itself. Mutagenic agents such as carcinogens or high-energy radiation lead to changes to the genomic material. Some mutations occur as a natural byproduct of the error...
Sickle Cell Disease and Malaria
Sickle cell disease (SCD), so-named due to its characteristic sickling effect on red blood cells, usually manifests via blood clots, anemia, and bouts of pain known as “sickle-cell crises.” While many of these symptoms can be treated with medication, they still significantly lower the quality of life of their carriers. Although considered rare and a mutation, SCD is relatively well-researched. It takes place on the 11thchromosome, and is catalyzed by the inheritance of an abnormal hemoglobin...
Klinefelter’s Calicos
Klinefelter syndrome, also known as XXY syndrome, is a genetic mutation in which a male subject carries an extra X chromosome, therefore carrying the female genotype XX in addition to the traditional male genotype XY. Likewise, males with Klinefelter syndrome often have feminine features, such as breast tissue, and may not be able to reproduce. As it lies in the genetic code, which is homologous between most species, Klinefelter syndrome is not exclusive to humans. Therefore, cats, dogs, and...
Lactose Tolerance
We mentioned earlier how SCD, a mutation marked by sometimes life-threatening physical symptoms, also works to prevent malaria in West Africa. Lactose tolerance is another mutation that benefits those who have it. Human bodies were originally unable to produce lactase, an enzyme that digests the proteins in cow’s milk, after the first months of life. This is because humans often did not consume milk – or other dairy products, for that matter – into adulthood. The rise of pasteurization, as we...
Chromosome– A part of DNA that carries genetic information.Homologous– Having the same function or structure within a body, or between two species.1. Mutations like SCD, which sometimes have deadly side effects, do not become extinct due to natural selection because: A. The government wants them to stay. B. Mutations work outside of natural selection. Unlike traits, they cannot be bred out. C. They provide resistance or immunity to other, more serious illnesses. D.Mutations are a superbug tha...
2 days ago · Definition. A mutation is a change in the DNA sequence of an organism. Mutations can result from errors in DNA replication during cell division, exposure to mutagens or a viral infection. Germline mutations (that occur in eggs and sperm) can be passed on to offspring, while somatic mutations (that occur in body cells) are not passed on.
Mutation is a change in a gene close gene The basic unit of genetic material inherited from our parents. A gene is a section of DNA which controls part of a cell's chemistry - particularly protein ...
For Higher Human Biology, revise how single gene mutations and chromosome structure mutations can arise with both positive and negative consequences.
mutation. A mutation is a change in a genetic sequence. Mutations include changes as small as the substitution of a single DNA building block, or nucleotide base, with another nucleotide base ...
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Mutations are changes in the genetic sequence, and they are a main cause of diversity among organisms. These changes occur at many different levels, and they can have widely differing consequences ...
Read Genetics and Genomics research from medical genetics to population genetics. Reviewing Genetics and Genomics research including epigenetics, and genetic epidemiology
