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An acquired brain injury (ABI) is an injury caused to the brain since birth. There are many possible causes, including a fall, a road accident, tumour and stroke. This section gives an overview of the brain, brain injury and the practical issues that can arise. It is divided into sections for individuals who are affected by brain injury ...
- Types of Brain Injury
Traumatic brain injury. Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an...
- Effects of Brain Injury
For these reasons, brain injury is often called a ‘hidden...
- Information Library
People with a brain injury and their families can order free...
- Professionals
For professionals Information for brain injury professionals...
- Rehabilitation and Continuing Care
Continuing care after brain injury. If a person with a brain...
- About The Brain
The brain in its membranous sack floats in a sea of...
- Training
The training combines specialist brain injury knowledge and...
- Statistics
There were 356,699 UK admissions to hospital with acquired...
- Types of Brain Injury
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- Symptoms
- When to see a doctor
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•Overview
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•When to see a doctor
•Causes
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•Complications
Mild traumatic brain injury
The signs and symptoms of mild traumatic brain injury may include: Physical symptoms Sensory symptoms Cognitive, behavioral or mental symptoms
Moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries
Moderate to severe traumatic brain injuries can include any of the signs and symptoms of mild injury, as well as these symptoms that may appear within the first hours to days after a head injury: Physical symptoms Cognitive or mental symptoms
Children's symptoms
Infants and young children with brain injuries might not be able to communicate headaches, sensory problems, confusion and similar symptoms. In a child with traumatic brain injury, you may observe:
Always see your doctor if you or your child has received a blow to the head or body that concerns you or causes behavioral changes. Seek emergency medical care if there are any signs or symptoms of traumatic brain injury following a recent blow or other traumatic injury to the head.
The terms "mild," "moderate" and "severe" are used to describe the effect of the injury on brain function. A mild injury to the brain is still a serious injury that requires prompt attention and an accurate diagnosis.
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Traumatic brain injury is usually caused by a blow or other traumatic injury to the head or body. The degree of damage can depend on several factors, including the nature of the injury and the force of impact.
Common events causing traumatic brain injury include the following:
•Falls. Falls from bed or a ladder, down stairs, in the bath, and other falls are the most common cause of traumatic brain injury overall, particularly in older adults and young children.
•Vehicle-related collisions. Collisions involving cars, motorcycles or bicycles — and pedestrians involved in such accidents — are a common cause of traumatic brain injury.
•Violence. Gunshot wounds, domestic violence, child abuse and other assaults are common causes. Shaken baby syndrome is a traumatic brain injury in infants caused by violent shaking.
•Sports injuries. Traumatic brain injuries may be caused by injuries from a number of sports, including soccer, boxing, football, baseball, lacrosse, skateboarding, hockey, and other high-impact or extreme sports. These are particularly common in youth.
The people most at risk of traumatic brain injury include:
•Children, especially newborns to 4-year-olds
•Young adults, especially those between ages 15 and 24
•Adults age 60 and older
Altered consciousness
Moderate to severe traumatic brain injury can result in prolonged or permanent changes in a person's state of consciousness, awareness or responsiveness. Different states of consciousness include:
Physical complications
Sometimes, any or several of these symptoms might linger for a few weeks to a few months after a traumatic brain injury. When a combination of these symptoms lasts for an extended period of time, this is generally referred to as persistent post-concussive symptoms. Traumatic brain injuries at the base of the skull can cause nerve damage to the nerves that emerge directly from the brain (cranial nerves). Cranial nerve damage may result in:
Intellectual problems
Many people who have had a significant brain injury will experience changes in their thinking (cognitive) skills. It may be more difficult to focus and take longer to process your thoughts. Traumatic brain injury can result in problems with many skills, including: Cognitive problems Executive functioning problems
Follow these tips to reduce the risk of brain injury:
•Seat belts and airbags. Always wear a seat belt in a motor vehicle. A small child should always sit in the back seat of a car secured in a child safety seat or booster seat that is appropriate for his or her size and weight.
•Alcohol and drug use. Don't drive under the influence of alcohol or drugs, including prescription medications that can impair the ability to drive.
•Helmets. Wear a helmet while riding a bicycle, skateboard, motorcycle, snowmobile or all-terrain vehicle. Also wear appropriate head protection when playing baseball or contact sports, skiing, skating, snowboarding or riding a horse.
•Unforeseen danger of a child's fall: Livia's remarkable recovery
Jun 11, 2024 · A brain injury, or head injury, is caused by an injury to the head or face. A traumatic brain injury (TBI) is caused by an assault, fall or accident. A non-traumatic brain injury (NTBI) may be caused by events such as a stroke, tumour or a lack of oxygen to the brain. What are the symptoms of brain injury? The effects and severity of a brain ...
Oct 15, 2024 · A traumatic brain injury (TBI) refers to a brain injury that is caused by an outside force. TBI can be caused by a forceful bump, blow, or jolt to the head or body, or from an object entering the brain. Not all blows or jolts to the head result in TBI. Some types of TBI can cause temporary or short-term problems with brain function, including ...
A TBI creates chemical changes in your brain so your brain cells don’t function as they should. Traumatic brain injury symptoms vary depending on whether a TBI is mild or moderate and/or severe. But all TBIs may cause symptoms, including physical issues, trouble thinking or remembering, and social or emotional issues.
Traumatic brain injury is defined as damage to the brain resulting from external mechanical force, such as rapid acceleration or deceleration, impact, blast waves, or penetration by a projectile. [10] Brain function is temporarily or permanently impaired and structural damage may or may not be detectable with current technology.
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Jun 11, 2024 · Traumatic brain injury is a form of acquired brain injury which occurs when a sudden trauma causes damage to the brain. What causes traumatic brain injury? Traumatic brain injury usually results from a violent blow or jolt to the head or body. An object that goes through brain tissue, such as a rock or shattered piece of skull, also can cause ...
