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Nix is a tool that takes a unique approach to package management and system configuration. Learn how to make reproducible, declarative and reliable systems.
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Feb 12, 2024 · Nix is an ecosystem of tools that provide a declarative, reproducible, isolated approach to building, installing, and configuring software that works on Linux and macOS (and Windows with WSL).
NixOS is a Linux distribution based on Nix package manager. Nix is a tool that takes a unique approach to package management and system configuration. Learn how to make reproducible, declarative and reliable systems.
- Nix: How It Works
- Benefits of Nix
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Nix consists of two parts: a package manager and a language. Nix programming languageis a rather simple lazy (almost) pure functional with dynamic typing that specializes in building packages. The package manager, on the other hand, is interesting and pretty unique. It all starts with one idea.
Reproducibility
This is the most obvious benefit, as it is the whole motivation behind Nix. Two people building the same package will always get the same output (see the note above for situations where the output can differ slightly) if you’re careful enough with pinning the versions of inputs in place. And even if some input is different, it will be very clear since the store path will change.
Binary caching
Another benefit we get from Nix is binary caching. Since the store path is known before building it and we are sure that the same store path will contain the same output, we can substitute(in other words, fetch) that store path from some other location as long as that location has that path and we trust the person building it (the outputs can be signed after building so that one can store them in an untrusted place).
Multiple versions of any package can be installed simultaneously
Every package is installed under its own prefix, so there are no collisions (unless a given package depends on multiple versions of another package, which is a rare occasion and is usually easy enough to handle). This can be really handy during development – think Python’s virtualenvs but for any language!
These benefits are cool, however, the concepts of Nix can be extended further. So far, we only described how to perform reproducible builds and have said nothing about another property that is a very important prerequisite for the healthy sleep of all the DevOps team – runtime consistency. How can we be sure that the application will have exactly t...
If you want to try Nix out, there are multiple ways to approach it. You can download NixOS and play with it on a virtual machine; alternatively, you can download Nix and use it in the OS of your choice. To do so, visit https://nixos.org/download.html. There are many materials for learning, including the famous Nix Pills, Nix Cookbook, and various m...
The Nix package manager employs a model in which software packages are each installed into unique directories with immutable contents. These directory names correspond to cryptographic hashes that take into account all dependencies of a package, including other packages managed by Nix.
Nix is a package manager and build system that parses reproducible build instructions specified in the Nix Expression Language, a pure functional language with lazy evaluation. Nix expressions are pure functions taking dependencies as arguments and producing derivation specifying a reproducible build environment for the package.
Nov 14, 2004 · Nix is a purely functional package manager. This means that it treats packages like values in purely functional programming languages such as Haskell — they are built by functions that don’t have side-effects, and they never change after they have been built.
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