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Jena was first mentioned in 1182 and stayed a small town until the 19th century, when industry developed. For most of the 20th century, Jena was a world centre of the optical industry around companies such as Carl Zeiss , Schott and Jenoptik (since 1990).
Abstract. Jena philosophy, historicism, and literature energized nineteenth-century European intellectual life. Their key concerns were time and meaning, quintessentially Romantic, but they seemed to come into particularly sharp focus in the historically oriented aspects of Hegel’s and Schelling’s philosophies along with Schiller’s and the Schlegels’ aesthetic and intellectual ...
Nov 24, 2020 · Jena Battlefield history. On 14 October 1806, some 240,000 soldiers of the enemy armies of France and Prussia and their allies met on the battlefields of Jena and Auerstedt. On the Jena battlefield, 150,000 soldiers fought on an area of about six times twelve kilometres, but only about 100,000 were directly involved in the battle.
May 26, 2024 · The Hassenhausen Museum. Today, the Hassenhausen Museum stands as a testament to the enduring legacy of the Battle of Jena-Auerstedt. Founded in the early 20th century, the museum has worked tirelessly to preserve and interpret the history of the battle, collecting a vast array of artifacts, documents, and personal accounts from participants and witnesses.
Aug 28, 2024 · Rudolf Kingslake. Jena, city, Thuringia Land (state), east-central Germany. It lies on the Saale River, east of Weimar. First mentioned in the 9th century as Jani, it was chartered in 1230 and belonged to the margraves of Meissen from the mid-14th century. The house of Wettin, which held the margraviate and (after.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
In the second half of the 17th century, the ideas of the early Enlightenment allowed the University of Jena, also called Salana, to flourish for the first time. E. Weigel and J. F. Buddeus, who were known as universal scholars throughout Europe, worked here. The University of Jena reached a second heyday around 1800.
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Feb 15, 2014 · This Chronology presents important dates in the history of social change and social reform in Britain in the 19th and early 20th centuries including parliamentary reform, industrialisation, urbanisation, industrial disputes, advances in technology, labour rights, sanitary conditions and health protection, education, social welfare, female emancipation, women's suffrage, and children’s rights.
