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Mar 28, 2024 · The Supreme Court reversed the portion of the District Court’s decision that upheld the University’s admissions guidelines, finding them to violate constitutional and statutory provisions by not being narrowly tailored to achieve a compelling interest in diversity.
Bollinger decisions, pair of cases addressing the issue of affirmative action in which the U.S. Supreme Court ruled on June 23, 2003, that the undergraduate admissions policy of the University of Michigan violated the equal protection clause of the Fourteenth Amendment to the U.S. Constitution.
Gratz v. Bollinger, 539 U.S. 244 (2003), was a United States Supreme Court case regarding the University of Michigan undergraduate affirmative action admissions policy.
Apr 13, 2017 · Gratz v. Bollinger helped the Court outline that affirmative action programs are only constitutional if they consider race as a factor in an individualized evaluation and the stated goal is to achieve class diversity. Affirmative action procedures are subject to strict scrutiny.
In October 1997, Gratz and Hamacher filed a class action suit against the University, the LSA, Lee Bollinger, and James Duderstadt. They argued that the admission procedure discriminated against certain racial and ethnic groups in violation of the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment and Title VI of the Civil Rights Act of 1964.
Gratz v. Bollinger: The Fourteenth Amendment prohibits a public university from using an undergraduate admissions policy in which race is the sole reason behind awarding 20 percent of the minimum points required for admission.
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Undergraduate-admission decisions were based on multiple factors, one of which was race. The university admitted almost all applicants of certain races deemed underrepresented if the applicants met academic qualifications.
