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Spanning openings with masonry
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- The arch is the most common, traditional method of spanning openings with masonry. The arch makes use of the high compressive strength inherent in masonry and, with proper geometry, doesn’t need reinforcing or supplemental support. The arch is an aesthetically pleasing form and one that just looks “right” in masonry.
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Feb 1, 2018 · The arch is the most common, traditional method of spanning openings with masonry. The arch makes use of the high compressive strength inherent in masonry and, with proper geometry, doesn’t need reinforcing or supplemental support.
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By inviting high school students to spend a day immersed in...
- MCAA Magazine
TMS 402/602 is the Building Code for Masonry Structures and...
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And what does it all mean? In the construction industry,...
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- Introduction
- Structural Arches
- Non-Structural Arches
- Expansion Joints
- Flashing
- Construction Concerns
- Rules of Thumb For Veneer Arches
The arch has long been used in masonry structures. In fact, a brick masonry arch found in the ruins of Ur in Mesopotamia dates back to 1400 B.C. Today, the brick arch is used in construction to span over wall openings and add aesthetics, as the arch is the consummate definition of form and function. This Brick Brief addresses design considerations ...
Figure-1.-Arch-Terminology Technical Notes 31, 31A and 31C address the structural design of brick masonry arches. Design methodology and example calculations are provided for jack, segmental and semi-circular arches. The reader should refer to these Technical Notes for specific design recommendations. This Brick Brief discusses structural arch desi...
Non-structural arches require support by other elements. Many arches used today are non-structural, built purely for aesthetics. Structural support of the arch may be required because of insufficient arch or abutment strength or the lack of a structural analysis of the arch. Support is provided by a lintel which spans the opening or by a shelf angl...
Expansion joints in brick masonry can cause problems when arches are used in the building. Residential construction often does not require expansion joints because continuous wall runs are short. However, if an expansion joint is required near an arch, care must be taken not to affect the integrity of the arch. This is a common problem for very lon...
In residential construction, the presence of eaves, overhangs and small wall areas above openings will reduce the potential for water penetration at arch locations. However, flashing at an arch is just as important as over any other wall opening. Flashing an arch can be difficult, depending on the type of arch and the type of flashing material. Jac...
Both structural and non-structural arches must be properly supported throughout construction. Premature removal of the temporary support for a structural arch may result in a collapse of the arch. This is most often due to the introduction of lateral thrust on the abutment before proper curing has occurred. Out-of-plane bracing is required for all ...
The following is a list of rules of thumb which may be used when designing structural veneer arches. Jack Arches 1. Six foot maximum span without a lintel. 2. Larger skewback angle with longer span 3. Skewback = 1/2 in. per ft (4 mm per 100 mm) of span for each 4 in. (102 mm) arch depth 4. Camber of 1/8 in. per ft (1 mm per 100 mm) of span 5. Minim...
What is an Arch? An arch is a structure constructed in curved shape with wedge shaped units (either bricks or stones), which are jointed together with mortar, and provided at openings to support the weight of the wall above it along with other superimposed loads.
Masonry arch elements. A typical true masonry arch consists of the following elements: [10] [11] [12] Keystone, the top block in an arch. Portion of the arch around the keystone (including the keystone itself), with no precisely defined boundary, is called a crown; Voussoir (a wedge-like construction block).
An arch is normally classified by the curve of its intrados and by its function, shape or architectural style. Figure 2 illustrates some of the many different brick masonry arch types. Jack, segmental, semicircular and multicentered arches are the most common types used for building arches.
The construction of traditional masonry arches is dependent on the arrangement of the bricks, blocks or stones over the opening. Wedge-shaped blocks, called voussoirs, are set flank-to-flank with the upper edge being wider than the lower edge. Downward pressure on the arch has the effect of forcing the voussoirs together instead of apart.
The masonry arch, one of mans’ oldest architectural forms, is defined as a rigid span curving upward between two points of support. The arch appears in a wide variety of structures ranging from the purely decorative triumphal arch to the masonry arch bridge where it sustains great loads.
