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It illustrates the power and shortcomings of the natural (or quasi-) experimental method, because the participants’ criminal background was a naturally-occurring variable outside of Raine’s control. It shows the growing importance of neuroscience – the link between Cognitive and Biological psychology.
Overview. Raine et al (1997) conducted a study titled “Brain Abnormalities in Murderers Indicated by Positron Emission Tomography”. The core focus of their research was to investigate if murderers who pleaded not guilty by reasons of insanity (NGRI) showed evidence of brain abnormalities.
Oct 4, 2016 · British Psychologist Adrian Raine is a criminologist who specializes in studies investigating biological correlates of criminal behaviour. In a study conducted in 1997, Raine used PET scans to compare the brains of two groups: Convicted murderers who had pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI), Non-murderers.
May 26, 2016 · The hypothesis in this study by Raine et al. (1997) is that these seriously violent individuals have localised brain damage in a variety of regions: the prefrontal cortex, angular gyrus, amygdala, hippocampus, thalamus and the corpus callosum.
Raine made it clear that social, psychological, cultural, and situational factors also play important roles in predisposing to violence. The data do not demonstrate that murderers pleading NGRI are not responsible for their actions, nor do they demonstrate that PET scans can be used as a diagnostic technique.
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Neural explanations: Raine. Key words: Amygdala: The integrative centre for emotions, emotional behaviour, and motivation. Prefrontal cortex: it is responsible for regulating behaviour. This includes mediating conflicting thoughts, making choices between right and wrong, and predicting the outcomes of actions.
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Raine et al 1997 - Key takeaways. Raine et al. (1997) hypothesised that violent offenders who plead NGRI would have dysfunction in various brain regions. Raine et al. (1997) tested this hypothesis by analysing 41 subjects convicted of murder or manslaughter and pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI).
