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Oct 31, 2023 · Self-help guide: Eye problems. Find out more about your eye problems, when you can use self-care, and what to do if your eye condition worsens and you need medical help. The majority of eye problems can be treated by your local community optometrist (optician). There are other eye conditions which may need to be referred to a specialist.
you suddenly get floaters or flashes in your vision. the number of floaters or flashes suddenly increases. you have a dark "curtain" or shadow moving across your vision. you also have blurred vision. you also have eye pain. floaters start after eye surgery or an eye injury. These could be signs of a serious problem with the back of your eye ...
Jan 18, 2019 · See floater in vision. Clouding of the eye's surface. fungal keratitis eye infection. Clump shape in vision. See floater in vision. Color vision problem. cataract, color blindness, drugs, neuroretinitis, optic nerve problem, white dot syndrome. Crossed eyes. cranial nerve palsy, strabismus, crusty eyelid, blepharitis.
- Gina White
- Eyestrain. Anyone who reads for hours, works at a computer, or drives long distances knows about this one. It happens when you overuse your eyes. They get tired and need to rest, just like any other part of your body.
- Red Eyes. Your eyes look bloodshot. Why? Their surface is covered in blood vessels that expand when they’re irritated or infected. That gives your eyes the red look.
- Night Blindness. Is it hard to see at night, especially while driving? Is it tough to find your way around in dark places, such as movie theaters? That sounds like night blindness.
- Lazy Eye. Lazy eye, or amblyopia, happens when one eye doesn’t develop properly. Vision is weaker in that eye, and it tends to move “lazily” around while the other eye stays put.
- The Surface of The Eye: Conjunctiva, Cornea and Sclera
- The Iris, Ciliary Body and Choroid
- The Eye Fluid and Drainage - The Ciliary Body and Trabecular Meshwork
- The Lens and Focusing
- The Posterior Chamber of The Eye: The Vitreous
- The Back of The Eye: The Retina and Optic Nerve
- Conditions Which Affect The Whole Eye
- Conditions Affecting The Movements of The Eye
- Conditions Affecting The Eyelids
- General Conditions Which Affect The Eye
The conjunctiva is the clear, front part of the eye overlying the white of your eye and the underside of the eyelids. Conditions of the conjunctiva do not usually directly affect vision, since the route taken by light through the pupil and into the eye does not pass through the conjunctiva. The clear disc-shaped part of the eye over the pupil and i...
The coloured part of your eye is called the iris. The iris is made up of muscle fibres which help to control the size of the pupil. The ciliary body is a small ring-like muscle that sits behind your iris and which helps the eye to focus. The choroid is the layer of tissue between your retina and your sclera, containing blood vessels and a pigment t...
The ciliary body is a part of the eye which includes the following: 1. The ciliary muscle (which changes the shape of the pupil by changing the shape of the iris). 2. The ciliary epithelium, which produces aqueous humour. This is the liquid that fills the front of the eye. Aqueous humour is made continuously. It circulates through the front part of...
The lens can change shape with the help of the ciliary body which contains fine muscle fibres that pull on it. Depending on the angle of the light coming into it, the lens becomes more or less curved (convex). This alters its strength and allows it to focus the light correctly on to the back of the eye.
The globe of the eye needs to keep its shape so that light rays are focused accurately on to the retina. The posterior part the eye is therefore filled with a jelly-like substance called the vitreous humour (or sometimes, the vitreous body or just the vitreous). It consists mainly of water, with some protein (collagen), hyaluronic acid and salt. It...
The retina is a layer on the inside of the back of the eyeball. It contains highly specialised nerve cells. These convert the light which is focused there into electrical signals. These are then passed through the optic nerves to the parts of the brain which process vision and build up the picture that we see. Near the centre of the retina is the m...
Thyroid eye disease
In thyroid eye disease the muscles and fatty tissues within the eye socket (orbit) become inflamed and swollen. This results in the eyeball being pushed forward, affecting the movements of the eye. In severe cases vision may be affected. See the separate leaflet called Thyroid Eye Disease.
Albinism
Albinism covers a group of inherited disorders in which there is shortage of melanin production. Melanin is the pigment that gives colour to our skin, hair and eyes. Visual problems are an important part of albinism. Melanin is reduced or absent where it is normally present in the eye, skin, hair and brain. This causes abnormal development of the nerve pathways needed for vision. Severe nystagmus (jumping of the eyes, usually from side to side), light sensitivity, squint and reduced vision ar...
Coloboma
Coloboma is a defect or gap in the tissues of the eye, occurring during development in the womb. It can involve one or more of several parts of the eye, including the eyelid, cornea, iris, ciliary body, lens, retina, choroid and optic disc. Coloboma is a rare condition and is sometimes associated with abnormally small eyes (microphthalmia). Not all colobomata affect vision. However, the condition is an important cause of childhood visual impairment. Worldwide, it causes around 1 in 20 cases o...
Squint
Strabismus is a condition where the eyes do not look in the same direction. Whilst one eye looks forwards to focus on an object, the other eye turns either inwards, outwards, upwards or downwards. Most squints occur in young children. See the separate leaflet called Squint in Children (Strabismus).
Nystagmus
Nystagmus is a symptom, rather than a diagnosis, in which there is a repetitive to-and-fro oscillation of the eyes outside the person's control. It usually affects both eyes, with one worse than the other. Most nystagmus is present from an early age and is caused by abnormalities of visual development in childhood. This leads to sensory deprivation of the retina. Nystagmus which comes on after childhood is more often due to diseases of the balance organs. These include labyrinthitis and disor...
Chalazion
A chalazion is a small (2-8 mm) fluid-filled swelling (cyst) in the eyelid. It is common and sometimes called a meibomian cyst or tarsal cyst. A chalazion is more common on the upper eyelid and can affect both eyes. It is not the same as a stye. See the separate leaflet called Chalazion.
Stye
A stye is a common painful eyelid problem, where a small infection forms at the base of an eyelash. It looks like a small yellow pus-filled spot. Vision is unaffected. See the separate leaflet called Stye.
Ectropion and entropion
When part or all of the lower eyelid turns outwards away from the eye, the condition is known as an ectropion. An entropion occurs where the eyelid turns towards the eye, causing the eyelashes to rub against the front of the eye (cornea). See the separate leaflets called Ectropion and Entropion.
Many conditions which have their main effects elsewhere in the body can affect the eye, although they do not always do so. They include: 1. Diabetes mellitus - may cause diabetic retinopathy. 2. High blood pressure (hypertension)- may cause hypertensive retinopathy. 3. A condition in which too much growth hormone is made (acromegaly) - may cause op...
- Dr Laurence Knott
Oct 6, 2023 · Eye problems. Find out more about your eye problems, when you can use self-care, and what to do if your eye condition worsens and you need medical help. The majority of eye problems can be treated by your local community optometrist (optician). There are other eye conditions which may need to be referred to a specialist.
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Feb 18, 2021 · Acute glaucoma. Acute glaucoma is a sudden rise in the pressure inside the eye. This causes severe pain, often bad enough to cause you to be sick (vomit), with redness, watering and blurred vision. Patients often describe seeing rainbows around lights.
