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Aug 5, 2016 · The Adhunik kal or the Modern Period in Hindi literature begins in the midth of the 19th century. The Hindi prose evolved in this period. There was a proliferation of the use of Khariboli in poetry in place of Brajbhasha. This period is divided into four phases as follows: Bharatendu Yug or the Renaissance (1868-1893) Dwivedi Yug (1893-1918)
As far as Hindi poetry goes, four prominent stages may be identified in Hindi poetry. These are Bhakti (Devotional e.g., Kabir, Raskhan), Shringar (Eulogizing Beauty e.g., Keshav, Bihari), Veer-Gatha (Extolling Brave warriors) and Adhunik (Modern). The development of Hindi literature can be divided into following periods.
The history of Hindi poetry, thus, extends over a period of almost one thousand years. The development of Hindi prose has been classified into three periods: The first phase (1868-1918), the phase of growth (1918-1937) and the present phase (1938 onwards). Prose literature of Bharatendu and Dwivedi era covers the first phase.
The art of poetry is necessarily subjective and individual like other fine arts for which no rules can be defined. Maybe someday I will also share my own thoughts about the art of poetry in a separate article. The craft of Urdu poetry, being relatively recent, appears to be somewhat limited as compared to Hindi poetry.
The four representative poets of this era represent the best in Hindi Poetry. A unique feature of this period is the emotional (and sometimes active) attachment of poets with national freedom struggle, their effort to understand and imbibe the vast spirit of a magnificent ancient culture and their towering genius which grossly overshadowed all the literary 'talked abouts' of next seven decades.
tion of departed Hindi poets to the growth of contemporary Hindi poetry. In the last five years, we have lost Gorakh Pandey, Som Dutt and Raghuvir Sahay. All of them contributed greatly to the development of Hindi poetry. Of them, Raghuvir Sahay, became almost a cult figure in the last stages of his life. He was a truly democratic poet and
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Preface This is Part 3 of the article series on the basic structure of Hindi poetry. The whole article is in 4 parts as listed below: Part 1: Structural units of a poem. Part 2: Maatraa (मात्रा) or Meter of a Poem for Tukaant (तुकान्त), Chhanddobaddh (छन्दोबद्ध) Poetry - i.e. poems that follow a clear rhyme and rhythm.
