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Aug 21, 2024 · These schools, such as behaviorism, psychoanalysis, cognitive psychology, and humanistic psychology, offer unique theories, methods, and principles to interpret and address psychological phenomena. Learning more about psychology’s different schools of thought can help you better understand the range and complexity of human nature.
- Nihilism. The leading philosophy among angsty teens who misunderstand Nietzsche. The root of the word ‘nihilism’ is derived from the Latin nihil, meaning “nothing”, and it is a more of a series of related positions and problems than a single school of thought.
- Existentialism. The leading philosophy among angsty undergraduates who understand Nietzsche. Existentialism is a school of thought originating in the work of Soren Kierkegaard and Nietzsche.
- Stoicism. A philosophy popular in ancient Greece and Rome, and practiced today by many people in high-stress environments. Stoicism is a school that focuses on how to live in a world where things don’t go your way.
- Hedonism. Hedonism is the idea that pleasure or happiness is the one thing with intrinsic value. This idea has been held by many other schools across history, most famously the utilitarians.
- Major Perspectives
- Purpose of Psychological Perspectives
- The Psychodynamic Perspective
- The Behavioral Perspective
- The Cognitive Perspective
- The Biological Perspective
- The Cross-Cultural Perspective
- The Evolutionary Perspective
- The Humanistic Perspective
- A Word from Verywell
The early years of psychology were dominated by a succession of these different schools of thought. If you have taken a psychology course, you might remember learning about structuralism, functionalism, psychoanalysis, behaviorism, and humanism—all of which are different schools of psychological thought. As psychology has grown, the number and vari...
Why are there so many different perspectives in psychology? It is important to remember that every topic in psychology can be looked at in many ways. For example, let's consider the subject of aggression. 1. A professional who emphasizes abiological perspectivewould look at how the brain and nervous system impact aggressive behavior. 2. A professio...
The psychodynamic perspective originated with the work of Sigmund Freud. This view of psychology and human behavior emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, early childhood experiences, and interpersonal relationships to explain human behavior, as well as to treat mental illnesses. Much thanks to Freud's work and influence, psychoanalysis becam...
Behavioral psychology focuses on learned behaviors. It was founded on the work of psychologists such as Edward Thorndike and John B. Watson. Behaviorismdominated psychology in the early twentieth century but began to lose its hold during the 1950s. Today, the behavioral perspective is still concerned with how behaviors are learned and reinforced....
During the 1960s, a new perspective known as cognitive psychology emerged. This area of psychology focuses on mental processes like memory, thinking, problem-solving, language, and decision-making. Influenced by psychologists such as Jean Piaget and Albert Bandura, the cognitive perspective has grown tremendously in recent decades. Cognitive psyc...
The study of physiology played a major role in the development of psychology as a separate science. Today, the perspective is known as biological psychology (also called biopsychology or physiological psychology). The point of view emphasizes the physical and biological bases of behavior. The nervous system, genetics, the brain, the immune system, ...
Cross-cultural psychologyis a fairly new perspective that has grown significantly in the last twenty years. Psychologists and researchers in this school of thought look at human behavior across different cultures. By looking at these differences, we can learn more about how culture influences our thinking and behavior. For example, researchers ha...
Evolutionary psychology focuses on the study of how the theory of evolution can explain physiological processes. Psychologists who take this perspective apply the basic principles of evolution (like natural selection) to psychological phenomena. The evolutionary perspective suggests that these mental processes exist because they serve an evolutio...
In the 1950s, a school of thought known as humanistic psychology arrived. It was greatly influenced by the work of prominent humanists such as Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow. The humanistic perspective emphasizes the role of motivation in thought and behavior. Concepts such as self-actualization are essential. Psychologists with a humanist perspect...
There are many ways to think about human thought and behavior. The different perspectives in modern psychology give researchers and students tools to approach problems and answer questions. They also guide psychologists in finding new ways to explain and predict human behavior. This exploration and deeper understanding can even lead to the developm...
Feb 4, 2024 · In this article, we will explore the five major schools of thought in psychology: Structuralism, Functionalism, Behaviorism, Gestalt Psychology, and Psychoanalysis. We will discuss how these schools of thought evolved over time and the main influences that shaped them.
Aug 31, 2023 · Every academic discipline, including sociology, theology, literature, and history, has competing theories or schools of thought that present various points of view. When psychology originally became a study apart from biology and philosophy, there was debate about how to classify and explain the human mind and behaviour.
Jan 24, 2024 · Delve into the diverse schools of thought in psychology, including Structuralism, Functionalism, Psychoanalysis, Behaviorism, Humanistic Psychology, and Cognitive Psychology. This guide offers insights into the fundamental principles and key figures of each school, enhancing your understanding of the human mind and behavior.
Schools of thought in psychology refer to the various theoretical perspectives and approaches used to understand and explain human behavior and mental processes. These schools of thought include behaviorism, psychoanalysis, humanism, cognitive psychology, and others, each with its own unique principles and methods for studying the mind and ...
