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- "Archipelagic waters" within the outermost islands of an archipelagic state, such as Indonesia or the Philippines, are also internal waters, but the state must allow innocent passage through them. However, archipelagic states can limit innocent passage to designated sea lanes within these waters.
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Territorial_waters
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Archipelagic states are composed of groups of islands that form a state as a single unit, the islands and the waters within the baselines as internal waters (archipelagic waters).
The sovereignty of an archipelagic State extends to the waters enclosed by the archipelagic baselines drawn in accordance with article 47, described as archipelagic waters, regardless of...
- Territorial Sea
- Inland Waters
- Contiguous Zone
- Continental Shelf
- Continental Slope
- Exclusive Economic Zone
- High Seas
- Regulations and Other Aspects Concerning High Seas
- International Waters vs High Seas – What Is The difference?
- Can You Drill For Oil in International Waters?
The territorial sea is the area adjacent to a coastal state’s land territory. It extends up to 12 nautical miles (22.2 kilometres) from the baselines, which are the low-water lines along the coast. Within this zone, coastal states exercise full sovereignty, including the right to regulate and enforce laws on customs, immigration, and pollution cont...
Inland waters refer to the bodies of water landward of the baseline, such as bays, rivers, lakes, and canals that are wholly or partially under the jurisdiction of a coastal state. Coastal states have complete sovereignty over these waters, including the right to establish and enforce laws and regulations. The extent of inland waters is determined ...
The contiguous zone is an area adjacent to the territorial sea, extending up to 24 nautical miles (44.4 kilometres) from the baselines. In this zone, coastal states have limited control to prevent and punish violations of their customs, fiscal, immigration, and sanitary regulations. However, the jurisdiction of coastal states in the contiguous zone...
The continental shelf refers to the seabed and subsoil of the submarine areas that extend beyond the territorial sea, up to 200 nautical miles or beyond, where the natural prolongation of a coastal state’s land territory exists. Coastal states have sovereign rights over the exploration and exploitation of natural resources, both living and non-livi...
The continental slope is the seabed area beyond the continental shelf, where the depth rapidly increases towards the deep ocean floor. Although the continental slope is not defined as a separate maritime zone, it holds geological and ecological significance. Coastal states may have specific rights and responsibilities related to scientific research...
The EEZ is a zone adjacent to a coastal state’s territorial sea, extending up to 200 nautical miles (370.4 kilometres) from the baselines. Within the EEZ, coastal states have sovereign rights and jurisdiction over natural resources, both living (such as fish and other marine life) and non-living (such as oil, gas, and minerals). Coastal states also...
The high seas, also known as international waters, are the areas of the world’s oceans that are beyond the jurisdiction of any particular state. These waters are open to all states and are governed by the principle of “freedom of the high seas.” States and individuals enjoy freedoms such as navigation, fishing, overflight, and laying of submarine c...
Where do international waters start?
International waters, also referred to as the high seas, are areas of the world’s oceans that are beyond the jurisdiction of any particular country. They exist beyond the territorial waters and contiguous zones of coastal states. The starting point of international waters is generally recognised as the point where a nation’s territorial sea ends, usually 12 nautical miles from the baseline of a coastal state. This principle is enshrined in the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (...
How far offshore are international waters?
The commonly accepted distance for international waters is 12 nautical miles (approximately 22.2 kilometres) from the coastal baseline of a nation. This distance is based on the customary international law principle of the territorial sea, which grants coastal states certain rights and jurisdiction over a defined area extending from their coastlines. The exact measurement may vary depending on national legislation and bilateral agreements.
International waters distance
As mentioned earlier, international waters begin beyond the 12 nautical mile limit from the coastal baseline of a nation. These waters continue until the exclusive economic zone (EEZ) boundary, which typically extends up to 200 nautical miles from the coastal baseline, or until the outer limit of the continental shelf, whichever is further. The specific boundaries and limitations of the EEZ and continental shelf are determined based on UNCLOS provisions and relevant bilateral or multilateral...
The terms “international waters” and “high seas” are often used interchangeably, as they both refer to the areas of the world’s oceans beyond the jurisdiction of any particular state. However, the technical distinction lies in their legal definitions. “High seas” specifically refers to the waters beyond national jurisdiction, while “international w...
The exploration and exploitation of natural resources, such as oil and gas, in international waters are subject to specific rules and regulations. UNCLOS provides a legal framework for the exploitation of non-living resources in the Area, which refers to the seabed and subsoil beyond the limits of national jurisdiction. It establishes the Internati...
Territorial waters are informally an area of water where a sovereign state has jurisdiction, including internal waters, the territorial sea, the contiguous zone, the exclusive economic zone, and potentially the extended continental shelf (these components are sometimes collectively called the maritime zones[1]).
The sovereignty of an archipelagic State extends to the waters enclosed by the archipelagic baselines drawn in accordance with article 47, described as archipelagic waters, regardless of their depth or distance from the coast.
May 27, 2020 · In the early 21st century, the provisions of Part IV of the 1982 LOSC determine the regime of archipelagic states in international law of the sea and can be considered as progressive development of international law.
Subject (s): UNCLOS (UN Convention on the Law of the Sea) — Recognition of states — Islands and artificial islands. Published under the auspices of the Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law under the direction of Professor Anne Peters (2021–) and Professor Rüdiger Wolfrum (2004–2020).
