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Niobium has many uses, some of which it shares with other refractory metals. It is unique in that it can be worked through annealing to achieve a wide range of strength and ductility , and is the least dense of the refractory metals.
Oct 11, 2024 · niobium (Nb), chemical element, refractory metal of Group 5 (Vb) of the periodic table, used in alloys, tools and dies, and superconductive magnets. Niobium is closely associated with tantalum in ores and in properties.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
Oct 1, 2024 · Niobium (Nb) is a metal characterized by its high melting point known as a refractory metal, great conductivity, ductility, high strength, and exceptional resistance to corrosion (Dolganova et al., 2020). The extraordinary properties of niobium have rendered it indispensable across a broad spectrum of industrial and technological applications.
Niobium is a chemical element; it has symbol Nb (formerly columbium, Cb) and atomic number 41. It is a light grey, crystalline, and ductile transition metal. Pure niobium has a Mohs hardness rating similar to pure titanium, [6] and it has similar ductility to iron.
- Occurrence
- Physical Characteristics
- Chemical Characteristics
- Significance and Uses
- Health Effects
- Isotopes of Niobium
Niobium is not a very rare element. Niobium can be found in nature only in compound state. Mineral columbite is the main source of this element. It is ranked as the 33rdmost common element in Earth’s crust. It is present in abundance at the core or center of the earth. Large deposits of Niobium are found in Brazil and Canada and are the largest pro...
Niobium is a soft, lustrous, ductile transition metal. It is greyish in color and is changed to blue when exposed to air and oxygen. It has a cubic crystalline structure. It becomes a superconductor at very low temperatures . Niobium can produce strong magnetic field. It has a high melting point, 2469°C. Despite being a refractory metal, it has a c...
Niobium is a reactive metal. It readily reacts with carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, and oxygen. It does not react with acids, at room temperature. However, niobium reacts with hot concentrated acids and alkalis. Niobium is attacked by oxidizing agents. And it readily reacts with halogens.
Niobium is used to increase the refractive index of glass. This allows optical corrective glasses to be made with lighter and thinner lenses.Niobium is used in making commemorative coins.Niobium is used to make special stainless alloys. About 90% of extracted niobium is used in making high grade structural steel .Niobium is used to make various super alloys. These alloys are used in making rockets and jet engines, oil rigs and gas turbines. Grinders and beams for buildings are also prepared consuming alloys...Niobium in elemental form is non-toxic. People rarely are exposed to compounds containing niobium, but some are harmful and should be avoided. Niobium is considered as a potential fire hazard. Niobium dust is toxic and is irritant to skin and eyes. Apart from this, niobium alloys are tested to be physiologically inert and hence harmless. It does no...
There are fourteen isotopes of niobium. Natural niobium has one stable isotope, niobium-93. This isotope is extremely light weight and is considered as the lightest nuclide and is susceptible to undergo spontaneous fission. The most stable radioactive isotope of niobium is niobium-92.
- Gray metallic
- 2, 8, 18, 12, 1
- [Kr] 4d4 5s1
- Solid
Aug 2, 2018 · Niobium, tungsten, molybdenum, tantalum and rhenium are known as the five refractory metals, according to Chemicool. These metals all have very high resistance to heat and wear. Current research
Niobium is a refractory metal with a high melting point. It occurs mainly in association of tantalum minerals. Both niobium and tantalum are transition metals, i.e., they are less reactive than the typical metals but more reactive than the less typical metals.
