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Colorfulness, chroma and saturation are attributes of perceived color relating to chromatic intensity. As defined formally by the International Commission on Illumination (CIE) they respectively describe three different aspects of chromatic intensity, but the terms are often used loosely and interchangeably in contexts where these aspects are not clearly distinguished.
- Colorfulness
- Hue
- Saturation
- Vibrance
- Chrominance
- Chromaticity
- Color Temperature
- RGB
- CMY
Colourfulness is 'the attribute of a visual sensation according to which the perceived color of an area appears to be more or less chromatic'. In other words, something that is more colorful has more color, and vice versa. Colorfulness is a general term used to indicate more or less color, in particular in what is perceived(rather than a physical a...
Hue is 'attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to be similar to one of the perceived colors of red, yellow, green, and blue, or to a combination of two of them'. More simply, it is the color in the visible spectrum that is perceived. Physically, hue corresponds to the wavelength (or frequency) of the electromagnetic beam...
Saturation is the extent to which an area lacks gray and is a pure color. Areas increase in gray as Red, Green and Blue all tend towards having the same level. Saturation hence increases as Red, Green and Blue become more separated. In particular as the gap between maximum and minimum values within these becomes greater. Desaturating an image turns...
Vibrance is a term that is used in photo editing, where there is often a 'vibrance' control. This acts on areas that are less saturated than other areas, raising their saturation such the image becomes more saturated overall. This can both help lift a dull picture and also lead to an unrealistic, over-saturated picture. In other words, vibrance is ...
Chrominance is the quality of light that causes the perception of color. It is often described as the 'color' partner of the black-and-white Luminance. Chroma is a term used to describe chrominance when it is held as an electronic signal. Chroma may be broken into two orthogonal signals, which ma vary depending on the encoding scheme used. In a vid...
Chromaticity is a term used to describe the combination of hue and saturation as a single appearance of color. In the manner of the HSLmodel, This means Chromaticity can be paired with Luminance/Lightness (or however the model describes monochrome brightness) to provide a complete color signal.
A light that is not white will make white things appear to be of the color of the light, and similarly change the appearance of other items. The idea of 'color temperature' comes from the theoretical temperature that a black body radiator (which absorbs all electromagnetic radiation) needs to be in order to glow with the given color. This is measur...
Colors in computer processing are usually held as a combination of values of Red, Green and Blue for each pixel. Typically, in an 8-bit data scheme, each of these can range from 0 to 255. For example, Red=0 means 'no red in color' and Red=255 means (in 8-bit color) 'maximum, full-saturated, red'. For calculations, these values are often normalized ...
When Red, Green and Blue are combined in pairs, they form the secondary colors, Cyan (Blue+Green), Magenta (Red+Blue) and Yellow (Red+Green). These are formed additively, which means they are combinations of light rather than paint (which gives a subtractive effect). Hence a Red light and Green light shone onto a black card will be seen as Yellow w...
Sep 13, 2018 · A spectral color is a pure wavelength of light. These are typically listed as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo and violet. A non-spectral color is a color that results from mixing different wavelengths of light such as white, brown, grey and pink. It should be noted that most colors perceived as red, orange, yellow, green, blue and ...
The International Commission on Illumination (CIE) defines colorfulness as “attribute of a visual perception according to which the perceived color of an area appears to be more or less chromatic.” This just means that color depends on more than the wavelengths of light that are being reflected to the human eye.
Chroma is the colorfulness relative to the brightness of another color that appears white under similar viewing conditions. Saturation is the colorfulness of a color relative to its own brightness. Though this general concept is intuitive, terms such as chroma, saturation, purity, and intensity are often used without great precision, and even when well-defined depend greatly on the specific ...
Saturation. Saturation is a color term commonly used by (digital / analog) imaging experts. Saturation is usually one property of three when used to determine a certain color and measured as percentage value. Saturation defines a range from pure color (100%) to gray (0%) at a constant lightness level. A pure color is fully saturated.
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Jun 24, 2016 · Chroma, Saturation & Colorfulness Figures 2 and 3 show the areas from Figure 1 in two different contexts, producing very different chroma and lightness perceptions. When the brightness of an area judged to be white changes in step with the brightness and colourfulness of each saturation series, the areas are perceived to maintain uniform lightness and chroma, and thus appear to have the same ...
