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There are several methods for drying wood at home for woodworking purposes. Some of the most common techniques include air drying, kiln drying, and microwave drying. Each method has its own advantages and disadvantages, so it is important to choose the right one for your specific needs.
Feb 26, 2024 · To be sure that your wood is dry enough for woodworking, you'll need a small handheld tool called a moisture meter. This tool has 2 small metal probes that are touched against the wood to produce a moisture readout expressed as a percentage of the wood's volume or weight.
Jan 4, 2024 · Key Takeaways. Use a moisture meter to check wood’s dampness before starting a project. Properly stack and space wood with stickers to allow for air circulation and faster drying. Consider drying wood indoors, in sunny and windy spots, or using a dehumidifier or fan to speed up the process.
Drying times and kilns. The traditional rule-of-thumb for air-drying lumber is to allow one year of drying time per inch of wood thickness; this adage obviously only takes a few of the aforementioned variables into account, but it’s at least a rough starting point in understanding the time investment required in order to properly air-dry lumber.
- Overview
- Creating a Place to Dry Your Wood
- Prepping the Wood
- Stacking Wood
- Calculate Drying Time
Drying freshly cut wood is essential for good quality lumber and woodworking. It is also called “seasoning” and reduces the moisture content so that the wood is stable enough to use. Drying wood also makes it burn more efficiently, so you can also use these common wood-drying practices for firewood.
Choose a place where you will air-dry the wood.
You will need a place in the open-air that is large enough to house stacks of lumber. Don't fall into the temptation of stacking your lumber in the sunniest spot on your land. Drying the wood too quickly will be detrimental to the quality and strength of the finished product. You want an open, yet shaded area.
You can build a cover to create shade if you do not have a shady area.
Assess the prevailing wind direction when you are choosing your spot.
Ideally, you want the wind blowing through the sides of the wood rather than the ends. Find a place where the wind usually blows in a direction which would cut through the side of your stack.
Avoid moisture by providing drainage and vapor barriers.
Process your wood soon after the tree is felled.
Once the tree has been cut or blown down, you want to cut the wood into your desired pieces as soon as possible. This will help you avoid damage from the elements.
Leaving the wood where it fell makes it susceptible to rot, stains, mold and fungus.
Cut your pieces slightly larger than you want the finished product.
As wood loses moisture, it shrinks. Your green wood, or newly cut wood, should be large enough to allow for some shrinkage. This is especially important to keep in mind if you are drying planks of wood for carpentry.
Wood shrinks an average of at least 5% in the drying process.
Cut enough stickers to lay every 2 feet across your stack of wood.
Stickers are long, flat pieces of wood used to create space between each layer of wood in your stack. This allows air to flow between the layers. Stickers should be about 1 inch thick and 2 inches wide, and the length of the width of your stack.
It is important to keep the width of the stickers uniform to keep your boards straight.
It does't matter what type of wood you use for stickers, but walnut should be avoided since it can stain your lumber.
Place a layer of lumber on your raised pad or palette. Leave an inch of space between each board. Place a sticker every 2 feet along the width of the first layer.
Set a new layer of lumber atop the stickers running in the same direction as the first layer of lumber. Place stickers in exactly the same position as you did with the first layer. This will keep your stack balanced and your wood weighted evenly to avoid warping. Repeat until you have stacked all your wood.
This is the best way to read exactly how much moisture is left in your wood. You can find moisture meters at woodworking supply stores. They run about $100 each.
You can check the wood every few weeks to assess its progress.
Once the wood matches the moisture content of the air, it is ready to use.
Lumber sellers often kiln dry the wood at this point to bring the wood to an even lower moisture content. For small operations, this may not be necessary.
Aim for a moisture content between 6 and 12 percent MC, or moisture content.
Plan to dry fresh wood for at least one year.
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There are two main methods for drying wood: air drying and kiln drying. Each method has its own set of advantages and disadvantages, and choosing the right method will depend on factors such as time, budget, and the specific needs of your woodworking project.
According to Eugene Wengert, a woodworking expert, and professor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Forestry, wood should be dried to an MC of water within two percentage points of the EMC in which the wood is used. The chart below will make things clearer about the information mentioned.
