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Sep 11, 2024 · The basic structure of a C program is divided into 6 parts which makes it easy to read, modify, document, and understand in a particular format. C program must follow the below-mentioned outline in order to successfully compile and execute.
- Preprocessor Directives #
- Functions #
- Statements #
- Comments #
Before a program is compiled it goes through a special program called preprocessor (which is built into the compiler). Lines start with a pound (#) symbol are called preprocessor directives or just directives. Preprocessor directives must be placed at the beginning of a file. These directives perform different types of functions, but for now, we wi...
A function is a self-contained block of code, other languages call them procedure or subroutine. A function is just a series of statements grouped together and given a name. A function does something very specific for e.g calculate factorial of a number, find the sum of two numbers and so on. A C program may consist of many functions but main() is ...
You can think of the statement as a command to the computer to be executed when the program runs. As a general rule, all statements end with a semicolon(;), though there are some exceptions to it.
Comments are used to write some valuable notes while programming. They also increase the readability of the program. Comments may explain the purpose of the program and also helps in understanding how the program works. Comments are not programming statements, they are ignored by compiler while compiling the program. Comments can appear almost anyw...
- Documentation (Documentation Section) Programmers write comments in the Documentation section to describe the program. The compiler ignores the comments and does not print them on the screen.
- Preprocessor Statements (Link Section) Within the Link Section, we declare all the Header Files that are used in our program. From the link section, we instruct the compiler to link those header files from the system libraries, which we have declared in the link section in our program.
- Definition Section. The definition of Symbolic Constant is defined in this section, so this section is called Definition Section. Macros are used in this section.
- Global Declarations Section. Within the Global Declarations Section section, we declare such variables which we can use anywhere in our program, and that variable is called Global Variables, we can use these variables in any function.
A C program may contain one or more sections which are figured above. The Documentation section usually contains a collection of comment lines giving the name of the program, the author's or programmer's name, and a few other details.
There are three basic steps involved in compiling a C program: preprocessing, compilation of C source code to machine code (or assembly) (also called object code), and linking of multiple object files into a single binary executable program. Each of these steps are described below.
In this article, I will discuss the Basic Structure of a C Program with Examples. Please read our previous article discussing the Library and IDE in C Programming Language. At the end of this article, you will understand the different parts of a C program and their need and use in detail.
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Apr 29, 2024 · Moving on to the next bit of this basic structure of a C program article, Main Function Section. Every C-programs needs to have the main function. Each main function contains 2 parts. A declaration part and an Execution part. The declaration part is the part where all the variables are declared.
