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What percentage of fire deaths are caused by smoke inhalation?
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An estimated 50%-80% of fire deaths are the result of smoke inhalation injuries (rather than burns). Smoke inhalation alone (in the absence of burns) is responsible for around 40% of all fire related deaths in England.
Jan 28, 2015 · According to the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA), most fire deaths are the result of smoke inhalation rather than burns. NFPA notes that every 20 seconds somewhere in the United States a fire department is responding to a fire.
- Key Results
- Overview of Incidents Attended
- Fire-Related Fatalities, Non-Fatal Casualties, Rescues and Evacuations
- Extent of Damage and Spread of Fire
- Causes of Dwelling Fires and Fire-Related Fatalities
- Temporal and Seasonal Fire Analyses
- Smoke Alarm Function
- Further Information
Cooking appliances were responsible for 45 per cent of accidental dwelling fires, but only 11 per cent of fire-related fatalities in the year ending March 2022. Smoking materials showed the reverse pattern, accounting for only seven per cent of accidental dwelling fires, but resulting in 24 per cent of fire-related fatalities. Almost half (49%) of ...
1.1 Key results
In the year ending March 2022: 1. 577,053 incidents were attended by FRSs, this was 11 per cent increase compared with the previous year (518,270), three per cent increase compared with five years ago (560,694) and five per cent decrease compared with ten years ago (606,941) Source: FIRE0102 2. the increase in incidents attended this year compared with the previous year was driven by increases in all three main incident types (fires, non-fire incidents and fire false alarms), as restrictions...
1.2 Trends in all incidents
The long term picture shows that the number of incidents attended by FRSsin England peaked in the year to March 2004, at over one million incidents. For around a decade, there was a general decline in all three categories of incidents attended and between the year to March 2013 and the year to March 2016 there were around half a million a year. From the year to March 2016 this number rose to around 577,000 incidents in the year to March 2019 and was around 577,000 in the year ending March 2022.
1.3 Fires attended
The total number of fires attended by FRSsdecreased for around a decade - falling by around two thirds from a peak of around 474,000 in the year to March 2004 to around 154,000 in the year to March 2013. The total number of fires has fluctuated since March 2013. The total has subsequently varied between 150,000 and 185,000 with the highest annual figure in the year to March 2019, caused by the hot, dry summer of 2018. Although the year to March 2021 had the lowest figure recorded since compar...
As the Incident Recording System (IRS) is a continually updated database, the statistics published in this release may not match those held locally by FRSs and revisions may occur in the future (see the revisions section for further detail). This may be particularly relevant for fire-related fatalities where a coroner’s report could lead to revisio...
The IRS also records the extent of damage and the spread of fire. The extent of damage (due to smoke, heat, flame and water etc.) to dwellings and other buildings is recorded by the area in square metres broken down into thirteen categories, from “None” up to “Over 10,000” square metres[footnote 2]. The spread of fire in dwellings and other buildin...
The IRS collects information on the source of ignition (e.g. “smokers’ materials”), the cause of fire (e.g. “fault in equipment or appliance”), which item or material was mainly responsible for the spread of the fire (e.g. “clothing or textiles”), and ignition power (e.g. gas)[footnote 5].
5.1 Key results
In the year ending March 2022: 1. the hourly number of fires showed a strong daily pattern, with almost half (49%) of all fires occurring where the time of call was between 16:00 and 22:00 2. the hourly number of fire-related fatalities did not show a daily pattern, with the number of fire-related fatalities roughly equal between day and night hours 3. April experienced the most fires per day attended by FRSs (an average of 747), whilst December had the fewest(280 fires per day on average) 4....
5.2 Temporal fire analyses
49 per cent of all fires in the year ending March 2022 occurred where the time of call was between 16:00 and 22:00 (Figure 5.1). These were the six individual hours with the highest proportion of fires (by time of call), which was also true for all the previous financial years. The peak hours were between 18:00 and 21:00 and accounted for at least 8.5 per cent of fires each in the year ending March 2022, similar to previous years. (Source: FIRE0801)
5.3 Seasonal fire analyses
Very little seasonality was evident in dwelling, other building and road vehicle fires, however outdoor fires and chimney fires showed much stronger seasonal effects. There tends to be more grassland, refuse and other outdoor fires in the summer months and these seem to reflect weather patterns (see FIRE0802). Conversely, chimney fires are more numerous in the winter months. These seasonal effects are broadly similar each year but are affected by changes in weather patterns specific to that y...
6.1 Key results
In the year ending March 2022: 1. fires where a smoke alarmwas not present accounted for 24 per cent (6,449) of all dwelling fires and 37 per cent (76) of all dwelling fire-related fatalities 2. mains powered smoke alarmscontinued to have a lower “failure rate” than battery powered smoke alarms; 21 per cent of mains powered smoke alarms failed to operate in dwelling fires compared with 36 per cent of battery powered smoke alarms The IRSrecords information on whether a smoke alarm was present...
6.2 Smoke alarms in dwelling fires
Fires where a smoke alarm was present but either did not operate or did not raise the alarm accounted for just under a third (31%) of all dwelling fires in the year ending March 2022, one percentage point lower than in the year ending March 2021. In the year ending March 2022, “fire products did not reach detector(s)”[footnote 8]and “fire in area not covered by system” accounted for 66 per cent of smoke alarm failures in dwelling fires where the smoke alarm was mains powered (Table 2). Simila...
6.3 Smoke alarm function and outcomes
Figure 6.1 shows the proportion of dwelling fires and fire-related fatalities in dwelling fires where the alarm was “present, operated and raised the alarm”, “present but did not raise the alarm”, “present but did not operate” or “absent”. It shows that a smoke alarm was present and raised the alarm (i.e. functioned as intended) in 45 per cent of dwelling fires in the year ending March 2022 but in only 28 per cent of fire-related fatalities, highlighting the importance of both having working...
This release contains statistics about incidents attended by fire and rescue services (FRSs) in England. The statistics are sourced from the Home Office’s online Incident Recording System (IRS). This system allows FRSsto complete an incident form for every incident attended, be it a fire, a false alarm or a non-fire incident (also known as a Specia...
Smoke inhalation injury is the most common cause of death in fire victims. Fire victims with both burns to their body and smoke inhalation injury have increased mortality rate and length of hospital stay compared to those with burns alone.
Jul 29, 2022 · An estimated 50%-80% of fire deaths are the result of smoke inhalation injuries rather than burns. Smoke inhalation occurs when you breathe in the products of combustion during a fire. Combustion results from the rapid breakdown of a substance by heat (more commonly called burning).
Jul 9, 2018 · More than half of fire-related deaths result from smoke inhalation, according to the Burn Institute. Smoke inhalation occurs when you breathe in harmful smoke particles and gases....
There were 316 fire-related deaths in the UK in 2018/19, according to the government statistics. The majority of fire-related deaths are caused by smoke inhalation of the toxic gases produced by fires, rather than fire itself. In isolation, burns by fire accounted for a quarter of fatalities.
