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- In an open container, molecules of a liquid that escape as vapor do not strike a container and reach an equilibrium pressure. Instead, vapor molecules evaporate. A nonvolatile liquid has a vapor pressure lower than that of water and only slowly evaporates. A volatile liquid has a high vapor pressure and quickly evaporates.
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Aug 14, 2020 · In the case of a liquid enclosed in a chamber, the molecules continuously evaporate and condense, but the amounts of liquid and vapor do not change with time. The pressure exerted by a vapor in dynamic equilibrium with a liquid is the equilibrium vapor pressure of the liquid.
- Vapor Pressure
It turns out that having a nonvolatile solute in the liquid...
- 13.8: Vapor Pressure
Vapor pressure is a measure of the pressure exerted by a gas...
- Vapor Pressure
Jan 30, 2023 · It turns out that having a nonvolatile solute in the liquid will decrease the vapor pressure of the liquid because the solutes will interfere with the high-energy liquid molecules' path to the surface to break free into the gaseous phase.
Vapor pressure [a] or equilibrium vapor pressure is the pressure exerted by a vapor in thermodynamic equilibrium with its condensed phases (solid or liquid) at a given temperature in a closed system. The equilibrium vapor pressure is an indication of a liquid's thermodynamic tendency to evaporate.
- Factors That Affect Vapor Pressure
- Vapor Pressure of Water
- How to Calculate Vapor Pressure
- References
The most important factors affecting vapor pressure are temperature and type of molecules: 1. Temperature: Temperature has the greatest effect on vapor pressure. As temperature increases, vapor pressure increases. As temperature decreases, vapor pressure decreases. This makes sense, as imparting thermal energy gives molecules more kinetic energy. T...
The vapor pressure of water depends on its temperature. The vapor pressure of water at room temperature (25 °C) is 23.8 mm Hg, 0.0313 atm, or 23.8 torr, or 3.17 kPa. At its freezing point (0 °C), the vapor pressure of water is 4.6 torr. At its boiling point (100 °C), the vapor pressure of water is 658.0 torr (atmospheric pressure).
There are several vapor pressure formulas, but two common ones are Raoult’s law and the Clausius-Clapeyron equation.
Perry, R.H.; Green, D.W., eds. (1997). Perry’s Chemical Engineers’ Handbook(7th ed.). McGraw-Hill. ISBN 978-0-07-049841-9.Petrucci, Ralph H.; Harwood, William S.; Herring, F. Geoffrey (2002). General Chemistry(8th ed.). Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0-13-014329-7.Sinnot, R.K. (2005). Chemical Engineering Design(4th ed.). Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-7506-6538-4.Wagner, W. (1973). “New vapour pressure measurements for argon and nitrogen and a new method for establishing rational vapour pressure equations”. Cryogenics. 13 (8): 470–482. doi:10.1016/0011-2275...Sep 21, 2022 · Vapor pressure is a measure of the pressure exerted by a gas above a liquid in a sealed container. Strong intermolecular forces produce a lower rate of evaporation and a lower vapor pressure. Weak intermolecular forces produce a higher rate of evaporation and a higher vapor pressure.
The vapor pressure of a liquid is the equilibrium pressure of a vapor above its liquid (or solid); that is, the pressure of the vapor resulting from evaporation of a liquid (or solid) above a sample of the liquid (or solid) in a closed container.
The equilibrium vapour pressure is known to serve as an indicator of the evaporation rate of a liquid. The propensity of particles to escape from the liquid (or a solid) is known to be related. A material that, at normal temperatures, has a high vapour pressure is generally referred to as a volatile material.
