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- A trough is the opposite of a crest, so the minimum or lowest point of the wave. When the crests and troughs of two sine waves of equal amplitude and frequency intersect or collide, while being in phase with each other, the result is called constructive interference and the magnitudes double (above and below the line).
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crest_and_trough
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This Lesson discusses details about the nature of a transverse and a longitudinal wave. Crests and troughs, compressions and rarefactions, and wavelength and amplitude are explained in great detail.
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A Crest point on a wave is the highest point of the wave. A crest is a point on a surface wave where the displacement of the medium is at a maximum. A trough is the opposite of a crest, so the minimum or lowest point of the wave.
If two waves meet each other in phase they add together. This produces a wave with a greater amplitude, so the peaks of the resulting wave are higher and the troughs are lower.
A wave’s crest is its highest point, and its trough is its lowest point. A wave’s amplitude is the maximum distance (positive or negative) a wave reaches from its rest position. Wavelength is the distance between the same spot on two sections of a wave.
The crests of the two waves are precisely aligned, as are the troughs. This superposition produces pure constructive interference. Because the disturbances add, pure constructive interference produces a wave that has twice the amplitude of the individual waves, but has the same wavelength.
The dark patches correspond to the crests of the waves, while the bright patches signify the troughs. In essence, the ripple tank provides a tangible and observable platform for students and researchers to explore wave phenomena in a controlled environment.
An oscillation, simply put, is a complete motion from crest to crest or from trough to trough. (More accurately, an oscillation is the time it takes for a particle to return to its initial position and be moving in the same direction.