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Jan 3, 2020 · He was killed by machine-gun fire while carrying two wounded men and was buried on the beach at Hell Spit. The war diary of the 3rd Field Ambulance commended "the excellence of the work performed by Pte Simpson continuously since landing". Simpson was posthumously Mentioned in Despatches.
John Kirkpatrick (6 July 1892 – 19 May 1915), commonly known as John Simpson, was a stretcher bearer with the 3rd Australian Field Ambulance during the Gallipoli campaign – the Allied attempt to capture Constantinople, capital of the Ottoman Empire, during the First World War.
- John Simpson Kirkpatrick’s Early Life
- 3rd Australian Field Ambulance
- Duffy The Donkey
- John Simpson Kirkpatrick Is Killed in Action
- Remembering John Simpson Kirkpatrick
John Simpson Kirkpatrick was born on July 6, 1892 in County Durham, England. He began working with donkeys as a youngster on his summer holidays, a skill that would place him in good stead in the years to come. When he turned 16, Kirkpatrick volunteered as a gunner for the Territorial Force, before joining the British Merchant Navy in 1909. When hi...
John Simpson Kirkpatrick enlisted as a field ambulance stretcher bearer in Perth on August 23, 1914, after which he began training at Blackboy Hill Training Camp. Following this, he was assigned tothe 3rd Australian Field Ambulance, regimental number 202, with whom he served for the entirety of his time overseas. The group were sent to take part in...
Although Duffy is perhaps the best known of John Simpson Kirkpatrick’s donkeys, sources indicate he likely had multiple – or, at the very least, different nicknames for the same one: Duffy No. 1, Duffy No. 2, Murphy, Abdul and Queen Elizabeth. It wasn’t long before some of the other stretcher bearers began using donkeys alongside Kirkpatrick, as it...
Sadly, John Simpson Kirkpatrick’s dedication to the wounded was short-lived, as he was killed in action (KIA) during the Third Attack on ANZAC Coveon May 19, 1915. He was only 22 years old. Sources indicate Kirkpatrick was struck by a machine gun bullet that traveled through his heart. He’d been attempting to bring soldiers back from the front. Rep...
Although he only served for just over three weeks, John Kirkpatrick Simpson became an almost mythical figure in the years that followed his death. He is credited with saving 300 men over his 24 days of service. Many were said to have been seriously wounded, yet it has been pointed outthat only those with more minor wounds would have been able to tr...
May 12, 2015 · Each time one was killed, Simpson Kirkpatrick apparently found a replacement. So what do we know of Simpson Kirkpatrick before he became one of the original Anzacs?
- Steve Meacham
Private Simpson (Kirkpatrick) landed on Gallipoli with the covering force at dawn on 25 April 1915 and quickly befriended a donkey (called variously 'Abdul' or 'Murphy' but usually 'Duffy') to carry leg wound casualties to the dressing station.
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On 19 May 1915, aged 22, Simpson was killed – shot through the heart on one of his morning forays into Monash Valley to retrieve casualties. His grave is at Beach Cemetery, in the area known as Hell Spit, on the southern end of ANZAC Cove.
How Simpson died is not clear from the report. Monash's letter says he was hit 'by a shrapnel shell'. The Official History of the Australian Army Medical Services 1914–1918 says he was 'shot through the heart'.
