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Andhra Pradesh (/ ˌ ɑː n d r ə p r ə ˈ d eɪ ʃ /; ISO: Āndhra Pradēś; Telugu: [aːndʱrɐ prɐdeːʃ] ⓘ abbr. AP) is a state in the southern coastal region of India. It is the seventh-largest state and the tenth-most populous in the country.
- Overview
- Relief, drainage, and soils
- Climate
- Plant and animal life
The state of Andhra Pradesh is located in the southeastern part of the Indian subcontinent and is bounded by the Indian states of Tamil Nadu to the south, Karnataka to the southwest and west, Telangana to the northwest and north, and Odisha to the northeast. Andhra Pradesh's eastern boundary is a 600-mile (970-km) coastline along the Bay of Bengal.
When did Telangana separate from Andhra Pradesh?
Telangana was a region within Andhra Pradesh for almost six decades, but in February 2014 both chambers of the Indian parliament gave final approval for the creation of Telangana as a separate state. Telangana became a state of India on June 2, 2014.
When was Andhra Pradesh formed?
The state of Andhra Pradesh was formed on November 1, 1956. Through the States Reorganization Act of 1956, the state of Hyderabad was split up, and its Telugu-speaking districts (constituting Telangana) joined with the Andhra state.
What is the official language of Andhra Pradesh?
The state has three main physiographic regions: the coastal plain to the east, extending from the Bay of Bengal to the mountain ranges; the mountain ranges themselves, the Eastern Ghats, which form the western flank of the coastal plain; and, in the southwest, the plateau to the west of the Ghats. The coastal plain, also known as the Andhra region, runs almost the entire length of the state and is watered by several rivers, flowing from west to east through the hills into the bay. The deltas formed by the most important of those rivers—the Godavari and the Krishna—make up the central part of the plains, an area of fertile alluvial soil.
The Eastern Ghats are part of a larger mountain system extending from central India to the far south and running parallel to the east coast. Interrupted by the great river valleys, the mountains do not form a continuous range. They have highly porous soils on their flanks.
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A summer that lasts from March to June, a season of tropical rains that runs from July to September, and a winter that lasts from October to February constitute the three seasons of Andhra Pradesh. Summers are extraordinarily hot and humid, with maximum daily temperatures exceeding 95 °F (35 °C) and even surpassing 104 °F (40 °C) in the central portion of the state. Summer nightly minimums drop to below about 70 °F (20 °C) only in the far southwest. Winters are somewhat cooler, with January maximum temperatures between 86 and 95 °F (30 and 35 °C) in all but the northeastern portion of the state. Winter lows drop below about 60 °F (15 °C) only in the extreme northeast.
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Annual precipitation, which derives largely from the southwest monsoon rains, generally decreases toward the southwestern plateau area. Coastal areas receive about 40 to 47 inches (1,000 to 1,200 mm) per year, while the westernmost part of the plateau may receive only half that much. Rainfall totals in portions of the northeastern mountains exceed 47 inches and can be as high as 55 inches (1,400 mm).
Mangrove swamps and palm trees fringe the coastal plain of Andhra Pradesh, while thorny vegetation covers the scattered hills of the plateau. About one-fifth of the state’s total area is forest-covered, with dense woodlands occurring primarily in the Eastern Ghats. The forests consist of both moist deciduous and dry savanna vegetation; teak, rosewood, wild fruit trees, and bamboo are plentiful. Elsewhere in the state, neem (which produces an aromatic oil), banyan, mango, and pipal (or Bo; Ficus religiosa) are among the common trees. Andhra Pradesh also has an array of flowering vegetation, including jasmine, rose, and a number of endemic species—particularly in the hilly region of the Eastern Ghats.
Animal life, apart from common domestic types (dogs, cats, and cattle), includes tigers, blackbucks, hyenas, sloth bears, gaurs, and chital, which abound in the hills and forest areas. There also are dozens of species of birds, including flamingos and pelicans as well as some rare varieties, such as the Jerdon’s courser (Rhinoptilus bitorquatus), which is found in the thorny or scrub-covered areas surrounding the Eastern Ghats. The eastern coast is a nesting ground for sea turtles.
Andhra Pradesh is India's seventh-largest state and is situated along its southeastern coastline. Known for its rich cultural history and traditional dance forms like Kuchipudi and Vilasini Natyam, Andhra Pradesh boasts one of India's highest life expectancies rates and excellent education system.
May 16, 2023 · Plan your visit to Andhra Pradesh, India: find out where to go and what to do with essential tips from Rough Guides editors.
Andhra Pradesh stands as the fourth largest state in India by area and population, the largest and most populous state in Southern India. Two major rivers, the Godavari and the Krishna, cross the state. Historically, Andhra Pradesh has been known as Andhrapatha, Andhra Desa, Andhra-avani, Andhra-mandalamu, and Andhra-vishaya. [1]
- Hyderabad
Andhra Pradesh is a state in Southern India with diverse regions, cities, and attractions. Learn about its history, culture, climate, and how to get around and see its beaches, hills, wildlife, and temples.
Learn about the geography, history, and culture of Andhra Pradesh, a state in southeastern India. Find out how it was created, what languages are spoken there, and what role it played in Indian nationalism.
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