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Learn about the life and achievements of Frances Willard, an American educator, temperance reformer, and women's suffragist. She was the first dean of women at Northwestern University, the president of WCTU, and a leader of the global women's rights movement.
Sep 24, 2024 · Learn about Frances Willard, the founder of the World Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and a leader of the Prohibition Party. Explore her life, achievements, and legacy in this comprehensive biography from Britannica.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Early Life
- Romance?
- Teaching Career
- Women's Christian Temperance Union
- Organizing Women
- Racism Controversy
- Significant Friendships
- Death
- Legacy
- Sources
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Frances Willard was born on September 28, 1839, in Churchville, New York, a farming community. When she was 3, the family moved to Oberlin, Ohio, so that her father could study for the ministry at Oberlin College. In 1846 the family moved again, this time to Janesville, Wisconsin, for her father's health. Wisconsin became a state in 1848, and Josia...
In 1861, Frances got engaged to Charles H. Fowler, then a divinity student, but she broke off the engagement the next year despite pressure from her parents and brother. She wrote later in her autobiography, referring to her own journal notes at the time of the breaking of the engagement, "In 1861 to 62, for three-quarters of a year I wore a ring a...
Frances Willard taught at a variety of institutions for almost 10 years, while her diary records her thinking about women's rights and what role she could play in the world in making a difference for women. Frances Willard went on a world tour with her friend Kate Jackson in 1868 and returned to Evanston to become head of Northwestern Female Colleg...
By 1874, Willard's ideas had clashed with those of the university president, Charles H. Fowler, the same man to whom she had been engaged in 1861. The conflicts escalated, and in March 1874, Frances Willard chose to leave the university. She had become involved in temperance work and accepted the job of president of the Chicago Women's Christian Te...
As head of the first national organization in America for women, Frances Willard endorsed the idea that the organization should "do everything." That meant to work not only for temperance, but also for women's' suffrage, "social purity" (protecting young girls and other women sexually by raising the age of consent, establishing rape laws, holding m...
In the 1890s, Willard tried to gain support in the white community for temperance by raising fears that alcohol and Black mobs were a threat to white womanhood. Ida B. Wells, the great anti-lynching advocate, had shown by documentation that most lynchings were defended by such myths of attacks on white women, while the motivations were usually inst...
Lady Somerset of England was a close friend of Frances Willard, and Willard spent time at her home resting from her work. Anna Gordon was Willard's private secretary and her living and traveling companion for her last 22 years. Gordon succeeded to the presidency of the World's WCTU when Frances died. She mentions a secret love in her diaries, but i...
While preparing to leave for New England in New York City, Willard contracted influenza and died on February 17, 1898. (Some sources point to pernicious anemia, the source of several years of ill health.) Her death was met with national mourning: flags in New York, Washington, D.C., and Chicago were flown at half-staff, and thousands attended servi...
A rumor for many years was that Frances Willard's letters had been destroyed by her companion Anna Gordon at or before Willard's death. But her diaries, though lost for many years, were rediscovered in the 1980s in a cupboard at the Frances E. Willard Memorial Library at the Evanston headquarters of the NWCTU. Also found there were letters and many...
“Biography.” Frances Willard House Museum & Archives.The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica. “Frances Willard.” Encyclopædia Britannica, 14 Feb. 2019.Learn about the life and achievements of Frances Willard, a prominent figure in the Women's Christian Temperance Union and the women's suffrage movement. Find out how she became a dean of women, a world traveler, and a postage stamp icon.
- Jone Johnson Lewis
Learn about Frances Willard, an American educator, reformer, and founder of the World Woman’s Christian Temperance Union. She was a leader of the national Prohibition Party and a pioneer of women's suffrage and international cooperation.
Who Was Frances Willard? Frances Elizabeth Caroline Willard was the daughter of Josiah Flint Willard and Mary Thompson Hill Willard. She was born September 28, 1839, in Churchville, New York.
Mar 1, 2023 · Frances Willard was a Methodist dean, teacher and activist who founded the Woman’s Christian Temperance Union and campaigned for prohibition, women’s suffrage and social justice. Learn how she shaped feminism by leading a global movement and mentoring other reformers.
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When Frances Willard died in February 1898, Catherine Booth-Clibborn’s sister-in-law, Florence Booth wrote her obituary in The War Cry, calling her “a constant and outspoken friend [of The Salvation Army], both on the platform and in the Press.”. Steven. October 2024.
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