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- On the afternoon of January 22, the prisoners were ordered to disembark. Some of them were too exhausted to do so. SS men from the escort and local Nazi police fired machine guns through the open doors of the train cars. The Germans then herded the remaining prisoners westward.
www.auschwitz.org/en/history/evacuation/the-final-evacuation-and-liquidation-of-the-camp/
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On 3 May 1945 the last members of the SS fled the Mauthausen and Gusen concentration camps. On 5 May a reconnaissance unit of the US Army arrived in Gusen and Mauthausen. On the following day, units of the 3rd US Army finally liberated around 40,000 prisoners in these camps.
On 5 May 1945 the camp at Mauthausen was approached by a squad of US Army soldiers of the 41st Reconnaissance Squadron of the US 11th Armored Division, 3rd US Army. The reconnaissance squad was led by Staff Sergeant Albert J. Kosiek.
On May 12, 1940, the first transport of Jews from the Netherlands arrived and on October 20, 1941, an initial transport of 4,205 Soviet Prisoners -of-War arrived in Mauthausen, though approximately 2,000 of these were transferred to the Gusen sub-camp.
On May 3, 1945, the SS abandoned the camp to the custody of a guard unit of 50 Viennese firefighters, who remained on the perimeter of the camp. Members of an “International Committee” formed by the prisoners in the last days of April administered the camp as units of the US Army arrived at the camp and secured the surrounding area on May 5.
After several months of work, the SS began to kill prisoners, condemned for political offenses, there with poison gas in March 1942. The first victims were Soviet prisoners of war transferred to Mauthausen from POW camps run by the German army. Later the SS gassed inmates who were extremely ill.
- Malloryk
It was liberated in the summer of 1944 as Soviet forces advanced westward. The previous spring, the SS had evacuated most of the Majdanek prisoners and camp personnel. The evacuated prisoners were sent to concentration camps further west, such as Gross-Rosen, Auschwitz, and Mauthausen.
In 1941 the SS started to construct a gas chamber and other installations at Mauthausen for the systematic murder of large groups of people. During the second half of the war the prisoners, who now included women for the first time, were increasingly used as forced labourers in the arms industry.
