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The civil war began primarily as a result of the long-standing controversy over the enslavement of black people. War broke out in April 1861 when secessionist forces attacked Fort Sumter in South Carolina just over a month after Abraham Lincoln had been inaugurated as the President of the United States.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Why was the Battle of Gettysburg considered a turning point in the war?, What were some of the ways in which southern whites maintained authority over African Americans?, What were some reasons given in favor of continuing the practice of slavery? and more.
Study with Quizlet and memorize flashcards containing terms like Abraham Lincoln, Jefferson Davis, Emancipation Proclamation and more.
The Mauthausen main camp operated from 8 August 1938, several months after the German annexation of Austria, to 5 May 1945, when it was liberated by the United States Army. Starting with the camp at Mauthausen, the number of subcamps expanded over time.
The first victims were Soviet prisoners of war transferred to Mauthausen from POW camps run by the German army. Later the SS gassed inmates who were extremely ill. Some 3,500 people were murdered with this abominable method by the war’s end.
On May 3, 1945, the SS abandoned the camp to the custody of a guard unit of 50 Viennese firefighters, who remained on the perimeter of the camp. Members of an “International Committee” formed by the prisoners in the last days of April administered the camp as units of the US Army arrived at the camp and secured the surrounding area on May 5.
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Mauthausen was liberated on 5 May, 1945 by American troops, two days after the last members of the SS had fled. It is now a museum and memorial. Mauthausen was a concentration and labour camp established near Linz after the 1938 Anschluss between Germany and Austria.
