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Let’s break down Aquinas’s argument to understand why he thinks that God is the best explanation of efficient causality in the universe. He begins with an observation that efficient causes are also themselves caused: Premise 1: There are many efficient causes in the world which are the effects of prior efficient causes.
The Quinque viæ (Latin for "Five Ways") (sometimes called "five proofs") are five logical arguments for the existence of God summarized by the 13th-century Catholic philosopher and theologian Thomas Aquinas in his book Summa Theologica. They are:
- Whether the existence of God is self-evident? Objection 1: It seems that the existence of God is self-evident. Now those things are said to be self-evident to us the knowledge of which is naturally implanted in us, as we can see in regard to first principles.
- Whether it can be demonstrated that God exists? Objection 1: It seems that the existence of God cannot be demonstrated. For it is an article of faith that God exists.
- Whether God exists? Objection 1: It seems that God does not exist; because if one of two contraries be infinite, the other would be altogether destroyed.
- Aquinas’s Life and Times
- Theology in Aquinas’s Day
- Grace Perfects Nature
- Aquinas and Protestantism
Thomas Aquinas (1225-1274) was born with a silver spoon in his mouth, as he was the son of the Duke of Aquino in Italy. In keeping with medieval names, ‘Aquinas’ is not actually his last name, but a reference to the landed estate of his family in Aquino (for this reason it’s not called ‘Aquinoism’ but ‘Thomism’). Thomas would have been thoroughly e...
Aquinas was not liked by his student contemporaries either. In a tone that must have been bullying, his classmates called him the ‘Dumb Ox’ for his lumbering gait and the slowness of his thinking. Maybe they just thought it was funny to make fun of the noble son who now begged for his food. In either case, he was to become the most influential scho...
Aquinas solved the problem of faith and reason, in essence, by denying there even was a fundamental problem, so long as reason and faith were understood in their proper places. Reason, he argued, is a gift of God and established in creation as a virtue for all men and women. Reason is therefore to be understood as a gift of nature—meaning it is a n...
To appreciate Aquinas’s contributions to theology does not mean that Protestants are entirely happy with each of his teachings. He taught things about justification, for example, that were thoroughly medieval, namely that grace infuses into us at baptism and it is then our responsibility to cooperate with grace for our final justification. His teac...
- Ryan Reeves
In this chapter, Aquinas is answering the question, “Why is there this situation that God has revealed to us things that we can know through our reason?” or “Why not have a dichotomy of revealed truth and natural truth?” A Venn diagram is helpful here:
Aug 11, 2020 · The contribution of St Thomas Aquinas (1225–74) to Western theology is inconceivable apart from his understanding of faith, reason, and the famous Five Ways of demonstrating the existence of God.
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Sep 12, 2023 · Aquinas’ metaphysics revolves around the concept of ‘being as being’, which is the most abstract way to consider existence. He posited that every entity, whether a rock, a plant, or a human, participates in ‘being’, yet each in a different way.
