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Ash Christian (January 16, 1985 – August 14, 2020) was an American actor, film director and producer. He was the founder of Cranium Entertainment. He wrote, directed and produced Fat Girls in 2006, for which he won Outfest 's Award for Outstanding Emerging Talent, and Mangus! in 2011.
Aug 15, 2020 · Ash Christian, an Emmy award-winning producer, actor, filmmaker and founder of Cranium Entertainment, died in his sleep on Thursday in Puerto Vallarta, Mexico. He was 35. Born on Jan. 16, 1985,...
Wikipedia tiếng Việt là phiên bản tiếng Việt của Wikipedia. Website lần đầu kích hoạt vào tháng 11 năm 2002 và chỉ có bài viết đầu tiên của dự án là bài Internet Society. [1] Wikipedia tiếng Việt không có thêm bài viết nào cho đến tháng 10 năm 2003 khi Trang Chính ra mắt. [2]
Văn Học Việt Nam. Y Học - Sức Khỏe. Nhà sách miễn phí - Thư viện sách ebook miễn phí có hơn 5000 đầu sách đọc sách online, đọc truyện online, tải truyện, tải sách miễn phí. Nhà sách miễn phí có nhiều định dạng để đọc trên nhiều thiết bị khác nhau.
- Background
- Prelude
- Battle
- Aftermath
- Legacy
- See Also
- References
- External Links
Military situation
By 1953, the First Indochina War was not going well for France. A succession of commanders – Philippe Leclerc de Hauteclocque, Jean Étienne Valluy, Roger Blaizot, Marcel Carpentier, Jean de Lattre de Tassigny, and Raoul Salan – had proven incapable of suppressing the insurrection of the Viet Minh, who were fighting for independence. During their 1952–1953 campaign, the Viet Minh had overrun vast swathes of Laos, Vietnam's western neighbor, advancing as far as Luang Prabang and the Plain of Ja...
Nà Sản and the hedgehog concept
Navarre began searching for a way to stop the Viet Minh threat to Laos. Colonel Louis Berteil, commander of Mobile Group 7 and Navarre's main planner, formulated the hérisson ('hedgehog') concept. The French army would establish a fortified airhead by airlifting soldiers to positions adjacent to key Viet Minh supply lines to Laos.They would cut off Viet Minh soldiers fighting in Laos and force them to withdraw. "It was an attempt to interdict the enemy's rear area, to stop the flow of supplie...
Lead up to Castor
In June 1953, Major General René Cogny, the French commander in the Tonkin Delta, proposed Điện Biên Phủ, which had an old airstrip built by the Japanese during World War II, as a "mooring point". In another misunderstanding, Cogny envisioned a lightly defended point from which to launch raids; Navarre, however, believed that he intended to build a heavily fortified base capable of withstanding a siege. Navarre selected Điện Biên Phủ for Berteil's "hedgehog" operation. When presented with the...
Establishment of air operations
Operations at Điện Biên Phủ began at 10:35 on 20 November 1953. In Operation Castor, the French dropped or flew 9,000 troops into the area over three days, as well as a bulldozer to prepare the airstrip. They were landed at three drop zones: "Natasha" (northwest of Điện Biên Phủ), "Octavie" (to the southwest), and "Simone" (to the southeast). The Viet Minh elite 148th Independent Infantry Regiment, headquartered at Điện Biên Phủ, reacted "instantly and effectively". Three of its four battalio...
Giáp's change of strategy
Originally, the planned Viet Minh attack was based on the Chinese "Fast Strike, Fast Victory" model, which aimed to use all available power to thrust into the command center of the base to secure victory, but this was changed to the "Steady Fight, Steady Advance" model of siege tactics. The battle plan designed on the fast strike model was due to open at 17:00 on 25 January and to finish three nights and two days later. Nevertheless this start date was delayed to 26 January, because on 21 Jan...
Béatrice
The Viet Minh assault began in earnest on 13 March 1954 with an attack on the northeastern outpost, Béatrice, which was held by the 3rd Battalion, 13th Foreign Legion Demi-Brigade. Viet Minh artillery opened a fierce bombardment with two batteries each of 105mm howitzers, 120mm mortars, and 75mm mountain guns (plus seventeen 57mm recoilless rifles and numerous 60mm and 81/82mm mortars). French command was disrupted at 18:30 when a shell hit the French command post, killing the battalion comma...
Gabrielle
Following a five-hour ceasefire on the morning of 14 March, Viet Minh artillery resumed pounding French positions. The airstrip, already closed since 16:00 the day before due to a light bombardment, was now put permanently out of commission. Any further French supplies would have to be delivered by parachute. That night, the Viet Minh launched an attack on the northern outpost Gabrielle, held by an elite Algerian battalion. The attack began with a concentrated artillery barrage at 17:00. This...
Anne-Marie
The northwestern outpost Anne-Marie was defended by Tai troops, members of an ethnic minority loyal to the French. For weeks, Giáp had distributed subversive propaganda leaflets, telling the Tais that this was not their fight. The fall of Beatrice and Gabrielle had demoralized them. On the morning of 17 March, under the cover of fog, the bulk of the Tais left or defected. The French and the few remaining Tais on Anne-Mariewere then forced to withdraw.
Dien Bien Phu was a serious defeat for the French and was the decisive battle of the Indochina war. The garrison constituted roughly one-tenth of the total French Union manpower in Indochina, and the defeat seriously weakened the position and prestige of the French; it produced psychological repercussions both in the armed forces and in the politic...
Comparison with Khe Sanh
In January 1968, during the Vietnam War, the North Vietnamese Army under Võ Nguyên Giáp's command initiated a siege and artillery bombardment on the U.S. Marine Corps base at Khe Sanh in South Vietnam, as they did at Điện Biên Phủ. A number of factors were significantly different between Khe Sanh and Điện Biên Phủ, however. Khe Sanh was much closer to a US supply base (45 km or 28 mi) compared to Điện Biên Phủ's proximity to the nearest French base (200 km or 120 mi). At Khe Sanh, the U.S. Ma...
Battlefield today
Dien Bien Phu today is a popular Vietnam historical tourist attraction. It has a modern museum and much of the battlefield is preserved, including several of the fortified French positions, the bunkered French headquarters, the Viet Minh headquarters complex and a number of memorials. 1. A Soviet 37mm automatic air-defense cannonused by the Viet Minh during the battle. 2. Captured French artillery guns and other military vehicles, including an M24 Chaffee, displayed at the Dien Bien Phu Museu...
In popular culture
1. The battle was a subject in the 1992 French film Dien Bien Phu written and directed by Pierre Schoendoerffer, who had been present at the battle as a war cameramen. 1. The beginning of the 1966 film Lost Command starring Anthony Quinn showed the battle towards its end. The film was adapted from the French novel Les Centurions written by French journalist and former soldier Jean Lartéguy. 1. The 1989 pop rock song We Didn't Start the Fire by American artist Billy Joelmentions the battle ('D...
Boylan, Kevin; Olivier, Luc (2018). Valley of the Shadow: The Siege of Dien Bien Phu. Oxford: Osprey Press. ISBN 978-1472824370.Davidson, Phillip (1988). Vietnam at War: The History, 1946–1975. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-506792-4."Ðiên Biên Phú – The "official and historical site" of the battle". Archived from the original on 5 December 2006. Retrieved 8 December 2006.Fall, Bernard B. (1967). Hell in a Very Small Place. The Siege of Dien Bien Phu. New York: J.B. Lippincott Company. ISBN 0-306-80231-7."Battle of Dien Bien Phu". Archived from the original on 16 December 2007. Retrieved 2 April 2017., an article by Bernard B. FallKhích lệ và thách thức bạn tìm kiếm sự thân mật với Đức Chúa Trời mỗi ngày. Chọn bất kỳ câu hoặc đoạn Kinh Thánh nào, được liên kết trực tiếp với bất kỳ phiên bản nào trong số hơn 1.200 phiên bản của YouVersion, bằng hơn 900 ngôn ngữ. Những người xem Sự kiện ...
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