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Sep 16, 2024 · The Iron Age hoards of northern Europe had clear associations with war, the types and numbers of objects deposited together are incomparable with the Bronze Age hoards, and the ritual destruction of the entire assemblage was a new element.
Covering the period ca. 900 and 1500, the work takes theoretical, textual and practical approaches to the research on religious warfare, and investigates the connections between, and significance and function of crucial war rituals such as pre-, intra- and postbellum rites, as well as various activities surrounding the military life of ...
Aug 10, 2015 · If war's primary purpose is ritual and symbolic, then the creation of ritual and symbol through war is intended to create a feeling in us. Rather than simply creating a feeling in the enemy to submit, war is really about making us feel—well, good.
Sep 16, 2024 · There were occasions when the Wars of Religion assumed the guise of a supranational conflict between Reformation and Counter-Reformation. Spanish, Savoyard, and papal troops supported the Catholic cause in France against Huguenots aided by Protestant princes in England and Germany.
- Major Figures
- Major Battles
- Key Elements of Warcraft
- Impact of The Religious Wars of Europe
At the heart of the series of disputes in Europe during the early sixteenth century that eventually divided Christianity into Catholic and Protestant identities was the German monk and theologian, Martin Luther(1483–1546). The explicit shortcomings that Luther criticized in church practice and belief evolved into a comprehensive assault upon the foundations of Catholic identity and practice, ultimately creating alternative Protestant denominations and launching more than a century of politica...
King Philip IIof Spain (1527–1598), the “Catholic King,” was an ardent defender of his faith and a monarch admired at home and despised abroad. Among his many titles, he ruled as king of Spain from 1556 to 1598; as king of Naples and Sicily from 1554 to 1598; was king consort of England (husband of Mary) from 1554 to 1558; and was king of Portugal from 1580 until 1598. Philip’s reign was characterized by both the expansion of Spanish military power and consolidation of imperial reach, but als...
Born at Greenwich Palace, Queen Elizabeth I(1533–1603) ruled England from 1558 until her death in 1603. During her long rule, England prospered intellectually, economically, and politically.
Dreux, December 19, 1562
The Battle of Dreux was the first major battlefield engagement of the French religious wars. The Royalist (Catholic) army, led by Duke François of Guise, defeated Louis Ide Bourbon, Prince of Condé’s Huguenot (Protestant) force in a bloody but indecisive contest that settled nothing, but which was a harbinger of the decades of sectarian violence to come.
Brill, April 1572
The seizure of Brill by the Dutch Sea Beggars marked the opening of a second revolt against Habsburg occupation and consolidation of power in the Netherlands. While their attack did not seriously damage the long-term viability of Spanish administration, it did serve to open a new round of hostilities across the Netherlands and further drained Spanish coffers.
Cadiz, April 1587
The raid by English Admiral Sir Francis Drake upon Spanish shipping in the port of Cadiz marked a personal victory for the great sea captain as well as a signal victory in England’s maritime war with Spain. The raid disrupted Spanish preparations demanded by King PhilipII for an armada to assemble and carry an invasion force, and it demonstrated the growing skill and lethality of the English navy.
The Galleon
The galleon, the ship type that was the workhorse of the Spanish navy during the sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, symbolized Spain’s maritime empire and was the style of vessel that ensured that the tremendous wealth extracted from the American colonies reached European ports. Often associated with glamorous images of pirates, the galleon was actually a purpose-built and practical ship that reflected Spain’s highly effective approach to naval strategy.
The religious wars of Europe in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries were a major feature of the period that transformed the political and ecclesiastical landscape of the continent. The fighting itself was not continuous and did not affect all parts of Europe equally. Some regions—like Normandy or Poitou in France, the United Provinces, and much...
Jan 5, 2013 · History, and especially medieval studies, cannot claim to play a leading part in the investigation of rituals. Yet despite - or perhaps because of - the many disciplines conducting research into ritual, there is no common understanding of what exactly constitutes the essence of ritual.
People also ask
What is the ritual and symbolic act of war?
Who should read religious rites of war beyond the medieval West?
How did religious wars affect Europe in the 16th and 17th centuries?
Where did ritual ceremonies take place during the Iron Age?
One answer is a powerful but neglected force in state formation: the medieval Church, which served as a rival for sovereignty, and a template for institutional innovations in court administrations, the law, and the formation of human capital.
