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The House of Stuart, originally spelled Stewart, was a royal house of Scotland, England, Ireland and later Great Britain. The family name comes from the office of High Steward of Scotland, which had been held by the family progenitor Walter fitz Alan (c. 1150).
- James I
- Charles I
- Charles II
- James II
- Mary II & William of Orange
- Anne
James became King James VI of Scotland at just over a year old, following the forced abdication and imprisonment of his mother Mary. Regents ruled in his place until 1578, and James became King of England and Ireland following the death of Queen Elizabeth I in 1603 – as a great-great-grandson of King Henry VII, James had a relatively strong claim t...
Known as the only English king to have been executed, Charles exacerbated tensions between the crown and Parliament to the extent that relations completely broke down. Charles was a firm believer in the Divine Right of Kings – the notion that the monarch was accountable to God alone. Ruling for 11 years without Parliament, many perceived his action...
Charles II was restored to the English throne in 1660, and he was popularly nicknamed the Merry Monarch for his hedonistic court and decadent lifestyle. Beyond his penchant for luxury and his many mistresses,Charles also proved a relatively adept monarch. Despite his own belief in religious tolerance, he accepted the Clarendon Code (four acts passe...
James inherited the throne in 1685 from his brother Charles. Despite his Catholicism, his hereditary right to the throne meant his accession had widespread support from Parliament. This support was quickly squandered when James attempted to push through legislation which would allow for more religious tolerance. Whilst Parliament did not like his r...
Mary II, the eldest daughter of James II, had married William of Orange in 1677: both were Protestant, making them popular candidates for rulers. Shortly after their accession, the Bill of Rights was passed – one of the most important constitutional documents in English history – cementing Parliament’s authority over the Crown. Whilst William was a...
Mary’s younger sister Anneoversaw the 1707 Acts of Union, which united the kingdoms of England and Scotland into the single state of Great Britain, as well as the greater development of party factions within the British political system. Anne favoured the Tories, who were more supportive of the Anglican Church, whereas the Whigs tended to have more...
- Sarah Roller
This is the family tree of the British royal family, from James I (who united the crowns of England and Scotland) to the present monarch, Charles III. Before James VI and I. See Family tree of English monarchs, Family tree of Scottish monarchs, and Family tree of Welsh monarchs.
The Stuarts were the first kings of the United Kingdom. King James VI of Scotland became also King James I of England, thus combining the two thrones for the first time.
May 5, 2020 · Magna Carta and the Stuart kings: England in a century of crisis. Clashes between King and Parliament had their origins in the battle for rights at Runnymede. By the late 1620s, the myth of...
All in all, the Stuarts could well be called a most unsuccessful dynasty! The first of the Stewart kings, Robert II, was born to Walter, 6th High Steward of Scotland and Marjorie Bruce, daughter of Robert the Bruce. He was 55 years old when he inherited the throne from his uncle David II in 1371.
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Scotland, now part of the United Kingdom, was ruled for hundreds of years by various monarchs. James I, who in 1603 became king of England after having held the throne of Scotland (as James VI) since 1567, was the first to style himself “king of Great Britain,” although Scotland and England did not.
