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When Solomon died, between 926 and 922 BCE, the ten northern tribes refused to submit to his son, Rehoboam, and revolted. From this point on, there would be two kingdoms of Hebrews: in the north - Israel, and in the south - Judah.
The northern Kingdom of Israel was destroyed around 720 BCE, when it was conquered by the Neo-Assyrian Empire. [6] While the Kingdom of Judah remained intact during this time, it became a client state of first the Neo-Assyrian Empire and then the Neo-Babylonian Empire .
The Northern Kingdom consisted of 10 of the tribes (excluding Judah and Benjamin). It lasted for about 210 years until it was destroyed by Assyria in 722 BC. Its capital was Samaria.
Jan 4, 2022 · Assyria’s conquest of the northern kingdom of Israel began approximately 740 BC under King Pul. First Chronicles 5:26 notes, “So the God of Israel stirred up the spirit of Pul king of Assyria, the spirit of Tiglath-pileser king of Assyria, and he took them into exile, namely, the Reubenites, the Gadites, and the half-tribe of Manasseh, and ...
- Early History
- King David
- Northern & Southern Kingdoms
- Assyrian Involvement
- Fall of Judah & Babylonian Exile
- The Hasmonean Dynasty
- Herod The Great
- Rebellions Against Rome
- Additional Resources
- Bibliography
The earliest mention of the word "Israel" comes from a stele (an inscription carved on stone) found in Thebes (modern day Luxor) and erected by the ancient Egyptian pharaoh Merneptah, who reigned from around 1213 B.C. to 1203 B.C. The inscription mentions a military campaign in the Levant during which Merneptah supposedly "laid waste" to "Israel" a...
According to the Hebrew Bible, a man named David rose to become Israel's king after slaying a giant named Goliath in a battle that led to the rout of a Philistine army. King Davidthen led a series of military campaigns that made Israel a powerful kingdom centered at Jerusalem, according to the Hebrew Bible. After King David's death, possibly around...
After King Solomon's death in around 930 B.C., the kingdom split into a northern kingdom, which retained the name Israel, and a southern kingdom called Judah, named after the tribe of Judah that dominated the new kingdom. Accounts in the Hebrew Bible suggest that grievances over taxes and corvée labor (free labor that had to be done for the state) ...
Between the ninth and seventh centuries B.C., the AssyrianEmpire, originally from the region that is now northern Iraq, grew in size and conquered an empire that stretched from modern-day Iraq to the borders of Egypt. As the Assyrian Empire grew, it came into contact with both Israel and Judah. The Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III claims that an Is...
Ultimately, it wasn't the Assyrian Empire that destroyed Judah. Nearly a century after Sennacherib's unsuccessful siege of Jerusalem, a Babylonianking named Nebuchadnezzar II conquered much of Assyria's former empire and laid siege to Jerusalem. His forces conquered the city in 587 B.C., destroyed the First Temple, along with much of the rest of Je...
The Persian Empire was virtually destroyed in the fourth century B.C. after suffering a series of stunning defeats at the hands of Alexander the Great, who went on to conquer an empire that stretched from Macedonia to Afghanistan. Even before Alexander's time, Greek forces launched raids on Persian territories, including Israel; a 2,500-year-old he...
While the Romans held sway over the former Hasmonean territories, they didn't impose Roman rule directly. Instead, a number of Jewish rulers controlled the territories as client kings of Rome. The most famous of these client kings was Herod the Great (who lived circa 73 B.C. to 4 B.C.). The Roman general Mark Antony was a key supporter of Herod and...
After Herod's death around 4 B.C., Rome asserted more control over the area and ruled parts of Israel directly. These parts were governed by prefects who were appointed by Rome — such as Pontius Pilate. Tensions between the region's Jewish inhabitants and Roman rulers increased and came to a head in A.D. 66. A rebellion in A.D. 70 culminated in the...
The site study.comhas a video and resources on daily life in ancient Israel.The Biblical Archaeology Societyhas loads of features on ancient Israel, along with information about live events and digs.The World History Encyclopediaprovides an in-depth look at Herod the Great.Yeroushalmi, David, ed, "Light and Shadows: The Story of Iran and the Jews" Fowler Museum at UCLA, 2012 Hoffmeier, James. "Ancient Israel in Sinai: The Evidence for the Authenticity of the Wilderness Narrative" Oxford University Press, 2005 Kratz, Reinhard G. and Spieckermann, Hermann (eds) "One God? One Cult? One Nation: Archaeological and Biblica...
Under Hezekiah's rule in the Kingdom of Judah, the Neo-Assyrian Empire conquered and destroyed the northern kingdom 722 BCE leaving only the southern kingdom of Judah.
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Oct 24, 2024 · Israel, either of two political units in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament): the united kingdom of Israel under the kings Saul, David, and Solomon, which lasted from about 1020 to 922 bce; or the northern kingdom of Israel, including the territories of the 10 northern tribes (i.e., all except Judah.
