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  1. Jan 28, 2020 · Lighting the pre-electric home. Before gas or electric lighting were invented, the greatest light source indoors usually came from the fixed fire in the grate. Home activities revolved around the hearth, with candlelight or oil lamps providing dim (but mobile) light around the home.

  2. The incandescent light bulb, which Swan independently developed around the same time as Thomas Alva Edison in the United States, was a transformative innovation. With his bulb, Swan ushered in a new era of electric illumination, replacing the unreliable and hazardous gas lighting of the time.

  3. Nov 29, 2013 · Sir William Armstrong of “Craigside” near Newcastle allowed himself to “pioneer” effective indoor lighting for his friend. In 1880 the “Swan Electric Light Company” illuminated Sir William’s huge house with 45 lamps. The Company supplied the current free, but Sir William bought the bulbs.

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    Victorian cast iron lamp posts were once so common that the need for protection was easily overlooked. As a result, in many urban areas few survive. Standing on the edge of the pavement, the principal threat is from traffic, including delivery lorries and refuse-vehicles backing into them. Although brittle, the cast iron might not break, but the po...

    Listing varies radically across the UK. A quick search for ‘lamp post’ in the National Heritage List for England reveals 400 entries for lamp posts, 88 of which are in or around Bristol. In Wales there are 29 list entries of which over half are in Llandudno. In Scotland, on the other hand, there are 800 list entries for lamp standards and holders. ...

    D Cruikshank and N Burton, Life in the Georgian City, Penguin Group, London 1990 English Heritage, Practical Building Conservation: Metals, Ashgate, Farnham, 2012 T Fawcett, Paving, Lighting, Cleansing: Street improvement and maintenance in 18th-century Bath, Building of Bath Museum, Bath

  4. At first the Hall, Treasury and Library were fitted with electric lights, but tenants in chambers had to make separate applications to The City of London Electric Lighting Company Limited for the installation of electric lighting in chambers.

  5. May 30, 2011 · The use of electricity for the purpose of lighting truly began with a British engineer named Frederick Hale Holmes, who in 1846 patented an electric arc lamp and with Michael Faraday pioneered the electrical illumination of lighthouses in the 1850s and 60s.

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  7. In grand houses, lamps required a new room for the cleaning of their glass shades. The Duke of Rutland at Belvoir Castle had a trifling 400 for his hard-working servants to polish. Yet the oil lamp would soon be superseded by gas, which made its appearance in factories, theatres and street-lighting long before it penetrated the home.