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Reduction
- The extraction process typically involves reduction, where the positively charged metal ions in an ore gain electrons. This change transforms them into their neutral, pure metallic form.
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What is the process of extracting metal from ore called?
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Different methods are used to extract a metal depending on its position in the reactivity series. The diagram shows a simple reactivity series, including carbon and hydrogen.
Metals can be arranged in order of reactivity by observing their reactions with water, acid and displacement reactions with other metal compounds. This determines how it is extracted from its...
Metals more reactive than carbon, such as aluminium, are extracted by electrolysis, while metals less reactive than carbon, such as iron, may be extracted by reduction with carbon.
Higher placed metals (above carbon) have to be extracted using electrolysis as they are too reactive and cannot be reduced by carbon. Lower placed metals can be extracted by heating with carbon which reduces them. The extraction method depends on the position of a metal in the reactivity series.
Metals found as metal oxides can be reduced to pure metals using a carbon-containing compound. This process, called reduction, aims to remove oxygen from the metal oxide. However, it only works for metals less reactive than carbon (C), such as zinc (Zn), iron (Fe), tin (Sn), and lead (Pb).
Metals more reactive than carbon are usually extracted by a process called electrolysis . Metals less reactive than carbon can be extracted by reduction with carbon which is a cheaper process than electrolysis, so is favoured.
Extracting metals refers to the process of obtaining metals from their ores, which are rocks or minerals from which a valuable substance, typically metal, can be extracted. The process of extracting metals involves several scientific processes like roasting or calcinations, reduction, and refining.
