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Electrolysis
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- Electrolysis: The splitting up of an ionic compound using electricity. The electric current is passed through a substance causing chemical reactions at the electrodes which lead to the decomposition of the materials. Electrolysis is used for extracting metals from their ores when the metal is more reactive than carbon.
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Which method is used to extract a metal from its ore?
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Different methods are used to extract a metal depending on its position in the reactivity series. The diagram shows a simple reactivity series, including carbon and hydrogen.
The extraction close extraction The process of obtaining a metal from a mineral, usually by reduction or electrolysis. method used depends upon the metal's position in the reactivity series close...
Metals more reactive than carbon, such as aluminium, are extracted by electrolysis, while metals less reactive than carbon, such as iron, may be extracted by reduction with carbon.
The more reactive a metal is, the more stable its metal compound is so the harder it is to extract pure metal. Metals more reactive than carbon are usually extracted by a process called electrolysis .
Electrolysis is used to extract reactive metals from molten ores (melted materials containing metals). Electrolysis is used to extract metals such as aluminium, which are higher in the reactivity series than carbon.
The method used to extract a metal from its ore depends on the position of the metal in the reactivity series. One step in the extraction of titanium metal involves the displacement reaction between titanium chloride, TiCl4, and magnesium.
The extraction process typically involves reduction, where the positively charged metal ions in an ore gain electrons. This change transforms them into their neutral, pure metallic form. For example: When a zinc ion (Zn 2+) gains two electrons (which is reduction), it forms pure zinc: Zn2+ (aq) + 2e– → Zn (s)