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Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe. The country is bordered by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, France to the south, and the North Sea to the west.
- Overview
- Land
- Relief, drainage, and soils
Belgium, country of northwestern Europe. It is one of the smallest and most densely populated European countries, and it has been, since its independence in 1830, a representative democracy headed by a hereditary constitutional monarch. Initially, Belgium had a unitary form of government. In the 1980s and ’90s, however, steps were taken to turn Belgium into a federal state with powers shared among the regions of Flanders, Wallonia, and the Brussels-Capital Region.
Culturally, Belgium is a heterogeneous country straddling the border between the Romance and Germanic language families of western Europe. With the exception of a small German-speaking population in the eastern part of the country, Belgium is divided between a French-speaking people, collectively called Walloons (approximately one-third of the total population), who are concentrated in the five southern provinces (Hainaut, Namur, Liège, Walloon Brabant, and Luxembourg), and Flemings, a Flemish- (Dutch-) speaking people (more than one-half of the total population), who are concentrated in the five northern and northeastern provinces (West Flanders, East Flanders [West-Vlaanderen, Oost-Vlaanderen], Flemish Brabant, Antwerp, and Limburg). Just north of the boundary between Walloon Brabant (Brabant Walloon) and Flemish (Vlaams) Brabant lies the officially bilingual but majority French-speaking Brussels-Capital Region, with approximately one-tenth of the total population. (See also Fleming and Walloon.)
The country has a total of 860 miles (1,385 km) of land boundaries with neighbours; it is bounded by the Netherlands to the north, Germany to the east, Luxembourg to the southeast, and France to the south. Belgium also has some 40 miles (60 km) of shoreline on the North Sea.
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Belgium generally is a low-lying country, with a broad coastal plain extending in a southeasterly direction from the North Sea and the Netherlands and rising gradually into the Ardennes hills and forests of the southeast, where a maximum elevation of 2,277 feet (694 metres) is reached at Botrange.
The main physical regions are the Ardennes and the Ardennes foothills; Côtes Lorraines (Belgian Lorraine), the intrusion of the Paris Basin in the south; and the Anglo-Belgian Basin in the north, comprising the Central Plateaus, the plain of Flanders, and the Kempenland (French: Campine).
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The Ardennes region is part of the Hercynian orogenic belt of mountain ranges, which reaches from western Ireland into Germany and was formed roughly 300 to 400 million years ago, during the Paleozoic Era. The Ardennes is a plateau cut deeply by the Meuse River and its tributaries. Its higher points contain peat bogs and have poor drainage; these uplands are unsuitable as cropland.
A large depression, known east of the Meuse River as the Famenne and west of it as the Fagne, separates the Ardennes from the geologically and topographically complex foothills to the north. The principal feature of the area is the Condroz, a plateau more than 1,100 feet (335 metres) in elevation comprising a succession of valleys hollowed out of the limestone between sandstone crests. Its northern boundary is the Sambre-Meuse valley, which traverses Belgium from south-southwest to northeast.
Feb 24, 2021 · Belgium is bordered by 4 countries: by the Netherlands in the north; by Germany in the east; by the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg in the southeast and by France in the southwest. It is bounded by the North Sea in the northwest.
Nov 15, 2023 · Belgium Map. Map of Belgium: Click to see large. Description: This map shows governmental boundaries of countries; provinces, province capitals and major cities in Belgium. Size: 1000x852px / 121 Kb.
- 11,849 sq mi (30,689 sq km)
- Dutch, French, German.
- Brussels
- ~ 11,700,000
All information on travelling to Belgium: visa applications, practical information, travelling with pets, etc. Communities and Regions, at the UN, at the international financial institutions, clubs and associations, Chambers of Commerce, a... Facts and figures, and your business in Belgium.
Aug 21, 2023 · Capital: Brussels. Area: 30,528 sq km. Population: 11.5 million. Languages: Dutch, French, German. Life expectancy: 79 years (men) 84 years (women) LEADERS. Head of state: King Philippe. Getty...
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Apr 3, 2024 · Bilateral Relations Fact Sheet. Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs. April 3, 2024. Connections between the United States and Belgium predate the founding of the United States and the independence of the Kingdom of Belgium.
