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Sep 11, 2024 · John Brown, militant American abolitionist and veteran of Bleeding Kansas whose raid on the federal arsenal at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, in 1859 and subsequent execution made him an antislavery martyr and was instrumental in heightening sectional animosities that led to the American Civil War.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
- Passage of The Kansas-Nebraska Act
- Struggle Over Elections
- John Brown Responds to Violence in Lawrence
- 'Bleeding Kansas' Draws National Attention
- Impact of Bleeding Kansas
- Sources
By early 1854, with the United States expanding rapidly westward, Congress had begun debating a proposed bill to organize the former Louisiana Purchase lands then known as the Nebraska Territory. To get crucial southern votes for the bill, Senator Stephen Douglas of Illinois proposed an amendment that effectively repealed the Missouri Compromise, w...
In New England, a group of abolitionists formed the Emigrant Aid Company, which sent anti-slavery settlers to Kansas to ensure it would become a free territory. On the other side, thousands of pro-slavery Missourians flooded into the new territory to illegally vote in Kansas’ first territorial election in November 1854. Pro-slavery candidate John W...
Sporadic outbursts of violence occurred between pro-and anti-slavery forces in late 1855 and early 1856. In a sharp escalation of that violence, a pro-slavery group stormed the Free State stronghold of Lawrence on May 21, 1856, destroying printing presses, looting homes and stores and setting fire to a hotel. In response to the “Sack of Lawrence,” ...
The upheaval in Kansas captured the attention of the entire nation and even spread to Congress. Two days before Brown’s attack in Pottawatomie, Representative Preston Brooks of South Carolina beat Senator Charles Sumner of Massachusetts with his cane on the Senate floorin retaliation for Sumner’s angry speech denouncing supporters of slavery in Kan...
Though attention on Kansas had waned after 1856, sporadic violence continued, including the murder of a group of Free Staters along the Marais des Cygnes River in May 1858 and the temporary return of Brown, who led a raid to liberate a group of enslaved people in the winter of 1858-59. Brown’s role in the violence in Kansas helped him raise money f...
Bleeding Kansas. American Battlefield Trust. Ross Drake, “The Law That Ripped America in Two.” Smithsonian, May 2004. Nicole Etcheson, “Bleeding Kansas: From the Kansas-Nebraska Act to Harpers Ferry.” Civil War on the Western Border: The Missouri-Kansas Conflict, 1854-1865. Kansas City Public Library. Eric Foner, The Fiery Trial: Abraham Lincoln an...
Sep 15, 2023 · Violent clashes in Kansas and beyond over whether or not to allow slavery in the new territory, deepened divisions ahead of the American Civil War.
- Nadra Kareem Nittle
Oct 8, 2024 · Bleeding Kansas, (1854–59), small civil war in the United States, fought between proslavery and antislavery advocates for control of the new territory of Kansas under the doctrine of popular sovereignty.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The work he started in Kansas erupted at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, and he paid the price of his life for pursuit of the cause. John Brown was born in Connecticut in 1800, the fourth of eight children born to Owen and Ruth (Mills) Brown.
Oct 27, 2009 · John Brown was a militant abolitionist whose violent raid on the U.S. military armory at Harpers Ferry, Virginia, was a flashpoint in the pre‑Civil War era.
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