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The role of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) in autoimmunity is underscored by data showing that common functional polymorphisms in MIF are associated with disease susceptibility or clinical severity. MIF can regulate glucocorticoid-mediated immunosuppression and has a prominent function in cell survival signalling.
- Insoo Kang, Richard Bucala
- 2019
Jun 13, 2019 · MIF originally attracted attention owing to its eponymous function in tissue macrophage retention, an activity first reported in 1932 when the emigration of inflammatory cells from the lymphoid...
- Insoo Kang, Richard Bucala
- 2019
Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a pleiotropic inflammatory mediator that is considered the first cytokine activity to be reported [1 - 3]. MIF was cloned, purified, and its activity characterized at the molecular level in 1993 [4].
The following is a table of drugs organized by their year of discovery. Naturally occurring chemicals in plants, including alkaloids, have been used since pre-history. In the modern era, plant-based drugs have been isolated, purified and synthesised anew. Synthesis of drugs has led to novel drugs, including those that have not existed before in ...
To understand why we take so many pills, we need to understand the history of medicinal drugs; from the herbal remedies of the middle ages to the pills produced by "Big Pharma" today, illicit drugs or well-known legal medication, like statins and Viagra, they have all played a part in the drug culture of modern medicine.
One of the earliest forms of medicine in medieval Britain was herbal medicine, which was practiced by traditional healers, such as Druids and wise women. These healers used a variety of herbs and plants to treat a range of ailments, and their knowledge was passed down through the generations.
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In 2015 and 2017, programmed temperate phages loaded with Cas9 or Cas3 to target E. coli and S. aureus, respectively, blocked the transmission of drug resistance genes effectively [71, 72]; in 2018, the therapeutic effect of Cas9-loaded phages was reported in a mouse infection model [31].
