Search results
In 1754 the founders of Wachovia, in present-day Forsyth County, North Carolina, brought young apple trees and planted orchards in all their settlements, first at Bethabara, then at Bethania and Salem. From the perspective of an early settler, a person needed apples to feed his large family.
Colonial North Carolina (1600-1763) North Carolina’s proprietors envisioned elaborate courts, feudal manors, and silk production, but managing a colony was more complicated than they’d expected. In the colony’s first fifty years, North Carolina’s settlers faced corrupt officials, violent rebellion, Indian war, isolation, disease ...
- Overview
- History and domestication
- Physical description
- Cultivation
apple, (Malus domestica), domesticated tree and fruit of the rose family (Rosaceae), one of the most widely cultivated tree fruits. Apples are predominantly grown for sale as fresh fruit, though apples are also used commercially for vinegar, juice, jelly, applesauce, and apple butter and are canned as pie stock. A significant portion of the global ...
Malus species are native to the temperate zones of both hemispheres. The cultivated apple is thought to have been domesticated from a wild apple, M. sieversii, in the Tien Shan mountains in Central Asia some 4,000–10,000 years ago. From there it spread to western Europe along the Silk Road and hybridized with a number of wild crabapples, including M. baccata from Siberia, M. orientalis from the Caucasus, and M. sylvestris, the major secondary genetic contributor, from other parts of Europe.
Britannica Quiz
What’s on the Menu? Vocabulary Quiz
Over the centuries, improved selections have been made, and distinct varieties were recognized more than 2,000 years ago. Hundreds of varieties were recognized in Europe before the settlement of the Americas. As the wave of colonial settlement moved across North America, it was accompanied by the distribution of seedling apple varieties, first by Native Americans and trappers and later by settlers and itinerants who became local legendary figures, the most prominent being Johnny Appleseed (John Chapman), a professional nurseryman who planted apple trees extensively in Ohio and Indiana.
Apple trees are generally small trees, and a given variety can be grafted onto dwarfing or semi-dwarfing rootstocks for smaller and less vigorous plants. If left untrimmed, a tree grown with standard (seedling) rootstock will often reach a height of 9 metres (30 feet) with an equally large crown diametre. The bark is usually brown and scaly. The simple leaves are roughly oval in shape and usually have fine teeth along the margins. Apple flowers are showy with five white petals, often tinged with pink, and numerous stamens. The flowers are pollinated by bees and other insects, and most varieties require cross-pollination for fertilization.
The apple itself is a pome (fleshy) fruit, in which the ripened ovary and surrounding tissue both become fleshy and edible. When harvested, apples are usually roundish, 5–10 cm (2–4 inches) in diameter, and some shade of red, green, or yellow in colour; they vary in size, shape, and acidity depending on the variety, of which there are thousands. Apple varieties fall into three broad classes: (1) cider varieties, (2) cooking varieties, and (3) dessert varieties, which differ widely but tend to emphasize colour, size, aroma, smoothness, and perhaps crispness and tang. Many varieties are relatively high in sugar, only mildly acidic, and very low in tannin. In the United States, popular dessert varieties include the Honeycrisp, Red Delicious, Gala, Granny Smith, and Golden Delicious. Apple varieties that ripen during late summer are generally of poor quality for storage, while those that ripen in late autumn may be stored for as long as one year. For long holding, temperatures only slightly above the freezing point of the fruit are generally desirable. Apples may also be stored in inert gases or in controlled atmospheres.
Students save 67%! Learn more about our special academic rate today.
Learn More
Since the apple requires a considerable period of dormancy, it thrives in areas having a distinct winter period, generally from latitude 30° to 60°, both north and south. Northward, apple growing is limited by low winter temperatures and a short growing season. The soils in which apple trees grow must be well drained; fertilizers can be used if the yield is not high enough. Rolling hilltops or the sloping sides of hills are preferred because they provide “air drainage,” allowing the colder, heavier air to drain away to the valley below during frosty spring nights, when blossoms or young fruit would be destroyed by exposure to cold.
Scions of desired varieties are commonly grafted onto hardy nursery seedlings of about 18 months of age; orchard planting follows one or two years later. Management during the six to eight years before appreciable apple production is reached may consist of little more than protection from competing vegetation and pests. Careful attention to pruning is required, however, especially during the first five years, so that the main scaffold branches will be well distributed along the trunk and to prevent development of weak crotches, which can break under heavy fruit loads. With mature trees, a rigorous spraying regime must be followed to protect against insect pests and diseases and possibly to delay spring development, to thin young fruit, and to hold the autumn drop of ripening fruit to a minimum.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
The Province of North Carolina, originally known as Albemarle Province, was a proprietary colony and later royal colony of Great Britain that existed in North America from 1712 to 1776. [ 2 ] (p. 80) It was one of the five Southern colonies and one of the thirteen American colonies .
Apple Inc., originally Apple Computer, Inc., is a multinational corporation that creates and markets consumer electronics and attendant computer software, and is a digital distributor of media content. Apple's core product lines are the iPhone smartphone, iPad tablet computer, and the Mac personal computer.
Nov 21, 2023 · The colony of North Carolina was established in 1710. However, its history does not begin there. The first true European settlement in North Carolina was founded by Spanish explorer Juan Pardo.
Sep 9, 2024 · Founded by Steve Jobs and Steve Wozniak in 1976, Apple set new benchmarks in product innovation, user-centric functionality, aesthetics and design, and multiproduct integration. Apple redefined and transformed the capabilities of modern computing.
People also ask
Where did apples come from in North Carolina?
Where did apples come from?
What is the history of North Carolina?
How did Apple start?
