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Jan 1, 2013 · It also shows how some questions have been shaped by the manifold evolution of linguistics itself since the nineteenth century, including variation on what counts as language, and by...
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Mar 1, 2013 · A dictionary is an inventory of the words of a language, with explanations or translations. All major languages and many others have dictionaries. This chapter traces the development of dictionaries for over 2,000 years, starting with China, India, Persia, classical Greece, and Rome.
- Gerard de Melo
- 1. Introduction
- 2. Background
- 3. Related Work
- 4.1. Model
- 4.2. Knowledge Extraction
- 4.3. Metadata
- 4.4. Cleaning
- 6. Conclusion
IIIS, Tsinghua University Beijing, P.R. China gerard@demelo.org
Investigating the origins of words can lead to remarkable insights about the cultural background that has shaped the semantics of our modern vocabulary. As a matter of fact, research in comparative and historical linguistics has not only produced numerous invaluable findings about the his-tory of words and languages but also about the history of hu...
In the 19th century, numerous connections between Indo-European languages were recognized, resulting in impor-tant insights that fundamentally shaped linguistics and an-thropology. For instance, English “ten”, German “zehn”, Latin “decem”, Greek “deka”, and Sanskrit “da ́sa” are all cognates, i.e., words that descend from the same Proto-Indo-Europe...
The study of etymology has a long history, and there are ob-viously numerous large etymological reference works that have appeared in print. For instance, for the English lan-guage, one might consult “The Concise Oxford Dictionary of English Etymology” (Hoad, 1993). Recently, some of these reference works, e.g. the ones in the Leiden Indo-European ...
The Etymological Wordnet attempts to describe word ori-gins in terms of relationships between two terms, where the two terms may be in different languages. It is in this sense that the Etymological Wordnet is a network of words. Un-like the Princeton WordNet, it currently does not capture any word sense-specific information. Information that they c...
The knowledge base is mined from the English version of Wiktionary using custom pattern matching techniques. We extract information from several different parts of Wik-tionary. Etymology Sections. We process the XML dump of Wik-tionary, and segment articles by language-specific sections, since a single article can cover unrelated words in different...
Due to space constraints, dictionaries appearing in print of-ten refrain from providing references to the sources of their etymological information. As a computational resource, the Etymological Wordnet is not subject to such constraints and thus references the Wiktionary page that provided the information. This is particularly important because fr...
During the extraction phase, we parse the markup for in-ternal links in order to obtain the actual word. We also need to support several special templates that are used on Wiktionary to embed links to words in various scripts and languages. Characters encoded using HTML entities are decoded as well. Terms are normalized by removing super-fluous spa...
We have presented the first broad-coverage etymological database that aims at making word relationships across a large number of human languages available in machine-readable form. We are currently in the process of extending the coverage of the resource by extracting from a greater range of linguistic patterns. While much remains to be done in thi...
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- Gerard de Melo
- 7
- 2014
A history of the Greek language : from its origins to the present / by Francisco Rodríguez Adrados. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ) and index. ISBN 90-04-12835-2 (acid-free paper) 1. Greek language—History. 2. Greek language, Modern—History. 3. Greek language, Medieval and late—History. I. Title. PA227.A37 2005 480’.9 ...
Jan 1, 2014 · Greek: A History of the Language and its Speakers, Second Edition reveals the trajectory of the Greek language from the Mycenaean period of the second millennium BC to the current day.
Mar 25, 2020 · While the study of language change and etymology can be traced back to ancient societies in the Mediterranean, the Middle East, and Asia, a number of important methodological approaches emerged in...
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The "language question" in Greece has been part of a long and hotly contested debate, going back centuries and is closely intertwined with issues of national identity. One of the earliest language reformers was Adamantios Korais (17481833).
