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Indochina, the countries of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia formerly associated with France, first within its empire and later within the French Union. French rule was ended in 1954 with the Geneva Accords. The term Indochina refers to the intermingling of Indian and Chinese influences in the culture of the region.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
On 9 March 1945, with France liberated, Germany in retreat, and the United States ascendant in the Pacific, Japan launched a coup d'etat against the French Indochina colonial administration to prevent a potential uprising by the colonial forces.
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9 March –An “independent” Vietnam with Emperor Bao Dai as nominal ruler is proclaimed by Japanese occupation authorities. 2 September 2 – The Communist-dominated Viet Minh Independence League seizes power. Ho Chi Minh establishes Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (GRDV) in Hanoi. 22 September –French troops return to Vietnam and lash...
6 March –France recognizes the Democratic Republic of Vietnam as a free state within the Indochinese Federation and French Union. 19 December –The Viet Minh initiate the eight-year Indochina War with an attack on French troops in the north.
8 March –France recognizes an “independent” state of Vietnam, Bao Dai becomes its leader in June. 19 July –Laos is recognized as an independent state with ties to France. 8 November – Cambodia is recognized as an independent state with no ties to France.
January –The newly-established People’s Republic of China, followed by the Soviet Union, recognizes the Democratic Republic of Vietnam led by Ho Chi Minh. 8 May – US announces military and economic aid to the pro-French regimes of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
7 May – The remnants of the French garrison at Dien Bien Phu surrender. 7 July –Ngo Dinh Diem, newly-chosen Premier of South Vietnam, completes the organization of his cabinet. 20-21 July – The Geneva Agreements are signed, partitioning Vietnam along the 17thParallel and setting up an International Control Commission to supervise compliance with th...
The French left in 1954 and Dwight Eisenhower’s pledge of assistance takes hold. Victory in the anti-colonial war (fought against the French between 1945 and 1954, and supported by US aid) saw Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia granted independence. Vietnam was split North and South, and by 1958 the communist north (Vietcong) were conducting military opera...
29 March – Diem launches his successful campaign against the Binh Xuyen and the religious sects. 10 May – South Vietnam formally requests US instructors for armed forces. 16 May – The United States agrees to furnish military aid to Cambodia, which becomes an independent state on 25 September. 20 July –South Vietnam refuses to take part in the all-V...
18 February –While visiting Peking, Cambodia’s Prince Norodom Sihanouk renounces SEATO protection for his nation. 31 March – Prince Souvanna Phouma becomes Prime Minister in Laos. 28 April –An American Military Assistance Advisory Group, (MAAG) takes over the training of South Vietnamese forces, the French Military High Command disbands and French ...
3 January – The International control Commission declares that neither North Vietnam nor South Vietnam has carried out the Geneva Agreements. 29 May –Communist Pathet Lao attempt to seize power in Laos. June –The last French training missions leave South Vietnam. September –Diem is successful in South Vietnamese general election.
April –A branch of the Lao Dong (Worker’s Party of Vietnam), of which Ho Chi Minh became Secretary General in 1956, is formed in the South, and Communist underground activity increases. May –The US Commander in Chief, Pacific, begins sending the military advisers requested by the South Vietnamese government. June-July –Communist Pathet Lao forces a...
May 18, 2018 · The United States, once sympathetic to the cause of Vietnamese independence and even to the person of Ho Chi Minh, began around 1949 to consider Vietnam a theater of the Cold War. A now communist China (since 1949) was increasingly uneasy with this war at its doorstep.
Indochina is a French colony and four protectorates in Southeast Asia established between l860 and 1904, and covering the present-day territories of Cambodia, Vietnam, and Laos. The five colonial components of Indochina became independent in 1954.
Indochina wars, 20th-century conflicts in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia, with the principal involvement of France (1946–54) and later the United States (beginning in the 1950s). The wars are often called the French Indochina War and the Vietnam War (q.v.), or the First and Second Indochina wars.
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On February 7, 1950, the United States formally recognized the French-controlled government of Bao Dai as the legitimate government of Vietnam. By the spring of 1950, the United States was providing direct political, economic, and military support to French forces in Vietnam.
