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Indochina, the countries of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia formerly associated with France, first within its empire and later within the French Union. French rule was ended in 1954 with the Geneva Accords. The term Indochina refers to the intermingling of Indian and Chinese influences in the culture of the region.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
When war broke out in Europe in August 1914, the French conquest of the Indochina peninsula (péninsule indochinoise) had been considered complete since 1897, at which time the Vietnamese military resistance, known as Cần Vừơng (Save the King) had ended. 1 In that same year, Governor General Paul Doumer (1857-1932) founded the Indochinese ...
North Vietnamese, especially Catholics, intellectuals, business people, land owners, anti-communist democrats, and members of the middle-class, moved south of the Accords-mandated ceasefire line during Operation Passage to Freedom.
A religion is a unified system of beliefs and practices relative to sacred things, that is to say, things set apart and forbidden—beliefs and practices which unite into one single moral community called a Church, all those who adhere to them. (Émile Durkheim)
In 1884, at a moment when the missions faced particularly violent opposition, Puginier warned French officials that mandarins—Vietnamese officials who administered much of the day-to-day functioning of the protectorate—wanted to “exterminate Christians” because they saw them as friends of France.
Laos traces its history to the kingdom of Lan Xang (Million Elephants), founded in the 14th century by Lao prince Fa Ngum. Ngum made Theravada Buddhism the state religion. Within 20 years of its formation, the kingdom expanded eastward to Champa and along the Annamite mountains in Vietnam.
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French Indochina was designated as a colonie d'exploitation (colony of economic exploitation) by the French government. Funding for the colonial government came by means of taxes on locals and the French government established a near monopoly on the trade of opium, salt and rice alcohol.
