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Indochina, the countries of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia formerly associated with France, first within its empire and later within the French Union. French rule was ended in 1954 with the Geneva Accords. The term Indochina refers to the intermingling of Indian and Chinese influences in the culture of the region.
- The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica
French Indochina was designated as a colonie d’exploitation (colony of economic exploitation) by the French government. Funding for the colonial government came from taxes on local populations, and the French government established a near monopoly on the trade of opium, salt, and rice alcohol.
Oct 11, 2021 · Six Things to Know about AP US History Period 3. After the British and the colonists won the French and Indian War, England faced enormous debt. The resulting taxation of the colonists led to resentment and tension with England.
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9 March –An “independent” Vietnam with Emperor Bao Dai as nominal ruler is proclaimed by Japanese occupation authorities. 2 September 2 – The Communist-dominated Viet Minh Independence League seizes power. Ho Chi Minh establishes Government of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (GRDV) in Hanoi. 22 September –French troops return to Vietnam and lash...
6 March –France recognizes the Democratic Republic of Vietnam as a free state within the Indochinese Federation and French Union. 19 December –The Viet Minh initiate the eight-year Indochina War with an attack on French troops in the north.
8 March –France recognizes an “independent” state of Vietnam, Bao Dai becomes its leader in June. 19 July –Laos is recognized as an independent state with ties to France. 8 November – Cambodia is recognized as an independent state with no ties to France.
January –The newly-established People’s Republic of China, followed by the Soviet Union, recognizes the Democratic Republic of Vietnam led by Ho Chi Minh. 8 May – US announces military and economic aid to the pro-French regimes of Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
7 May – The remnants of the French garrison at Dien Bien Phu surrender. 7 July –Ngo Dinh Diem, newly-chosen Premier of South Vietnam, completes the organization of his cabinet. 20-21 July – The Geneva Agreements are signed, partitioning Vietnam along the 17thParallel and setting up an International Control Commission to supervise compliance with th...
The French left in 1954 and Dwight Eisenhower’s pledge of assistance takes hold. Victory in the anti-colonial war (fought against the French between 1945 and 1954, and supported by US aid) saw Vietnam, Laos and Cambodia granted independence. Vietnam was split North and South, and by 1958 the communist north (Vietcong) were conducting military opera...
29 March – Diem launches his successful campaign against the Binh Xuyen and the religious sects. 10 May – South Vietnam formally requests US instructors for armed forces. 16 May – The United States agrees to furnish military aid to Cambodia, which becomes an independent state on 25 September. 20 July –South Vietnam refuses to take part in the all-V...
18 February –While visiting Peking, Cambodia’s Prince Norodom Sihanouk renounces SEATO protection for his nation. 31 March – Prince Souvanna Phouma becomes Prime Minister in Laos. 28 April –An American Military Assistance Advisory Group, (MAAG) takes over the training of South Vietnamese forces, the French Military High Command disbands and French ...
3 January – The International control Commission declares that neither North Vietnam nor South Vietnam has carried out the Geneva Agreements. 29 May –Communist Pathet Lao attempt to seize power in Laos. June –The last French training missions leave South Vietnam. September –Diem is successful in South Vietnamese general election.
April –A branch of the Lao Dong (Worker’s Party of Vietnam), of which Ho Chi Minh became Secretary General in 1956, is formed in the South, and Communist underground activity increases. May –The US Commander in Chief, Pacific, begins sending the military advisers requested by the South Vietnamese government. June-July –Communist Pathet Lao forces a...
The insurrection in Annam spread and flourished in 1886, and gradually faded out by 1889. In this movement, all levels of Vietnamese society, royalty, scholar-gentry, and peasantry, worked together against the French.
Indochina was the second most invested-in French colony by 1940 after Algeria, with investments totaling up to 6.7 million francs. The exploitation of natural resources for direct export was the chief purpose of all French investments, with rice, coal, rare minerals, and later also rubber as the main products.
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Apr 12, 2012 · Indochina: An Ambiguous Colonization was first published in French in 1995, then in a revised edition in 2001; it is now available in both hardback and paperback in an updated version and a felicitous English translation.
